Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Subject: search.filters.subject.somatic embryogenesis

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    miR394 enhances WUSCHEL-induced somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2023) Lu, Lu; Holt, Anna; Chen, Xinying; Liu, Yang; Knauer, Steffen; Tucker, Elise J.; Sarkar, Ananda K.; Hao, Zhaodong; Roodbarkelari, Farshad; Shi, Jisen; Chen, Jinhui; Laux, Thomas
    Many plant species can give rise to embryos from somatic cells after a simple hormone treatment, illustrating the remarkable developmental plasticity of differentiated plant cells. However, many species are recalcitrant to somatic embryo formation for unknown reasons, which poses a significant challenge to agriculture, where somatic embryogenesis is an important tool to propagate desired genotypes. The micro RNA394 (miR394) promotes shoot meristem maintenance in Arabidopsis thaliana, but the underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. We analyzed whether miR394 affects indirect somatic embryogenesis and determined the transcriptome of embryogenic callus upon miR394-enhanced somatic embryogenesis. We show that ectopic miR394 expression enhances somatic embryogenesis in the recalcitrant Ler accession when co-expressed with the transcription factor WUSCHEL (WUS) and that miR394 acts in this process through silencing the target LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS (LCR). Furthermore, we show that higher endogenous miR394 levels are required for the elevated embryogenic potential of the Columbia accession compared to Ler, providing a mechanistic explanation for this natural variation. Our transcriptional analysis provides a framework for miR394 function in regulating pluripotency by expanding WUS-mediated direct transcriptional repression.
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    From plant survival under severe stress to anti-viral human defense - A perspective that calls for common efforts
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Arnholdt-Schmitt, Birgit; Mohanapriya, Gunasekaran; Bharadwaj, Revuru; Noceda, Carlos; Macedo, Elisete Santos; Sathishkumar, Ramalingam; Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis; Sircar, Debabrata; Kumar, Sarma Rajeev; Srivastava, Shivani; Adholeya, Alok; Thiers, KarineLeitão Lima; Aziz, Shahid; Velada, Isabel; Oliveira, Manuela; Quaresma, Paulo; Achra, Arvind; Gupta, Nidhi; Kumar, Ashwani; Costa, Jose´ He´lio
    Reprogramming of primary virus-infected cells is the critical step that turns viral attacks harmful to humans by initiating super-spreading at cell, organism and population levels. To develop early anti-viral therapies and proactive administration, it is important to understand the very first steps of this process. Plant somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the earliest and most studied model for de novo programming upon severe stress that, in contrast to virus attacks, promotes individual cell and organism survival. We argued that transcript level profiles of target genes established from in vitro SE induction as reference compared to virus-induced profiles can identify differential virus traits that link to harmful reprogramming. To validate this hypothesis, we selected a standard set of genes named 'ReprogVirus'. This approach was recently applied and published. It resulted in identifying 'CoV-MAC-TED', a complex trait that is promising to support combating SARS-CoV-2-induced cell reprogramming in primary infected nose and mouth cells. In this perspective, we aim to explain the rationale of our scientific approach. We are highlighting relevant background knowledge on SE, emphasize the role of alternative oxidase in plant reprogramming and resilience as a learning tool for designing human virus-defense strategies and, present the list of selected genes. As an outlook, we announce wider data collection in a 'ReprogVirus Platform' to support anti-viral strategy design through common efforts.