Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    MicroRNA397 regulates tolerance to drought and fungal infection by regulating lignin deposition in chickpea root
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2023) Sharma, Nilesh Kumar; Yadav, Shalini; Gupta, Santosh Kumar; Irulappan, Vadivelmurugan; Francis, Aleena; Senthil-Kumar, Muthappa; Chattopadhyay, Debasis
    Plants deposit lignin in the secondary cell wall as a common response to drought and pathogen attacks. Cell wall localised multicopper oxidase family enzymes LACCASES (LACs) catalyse the formation of monolignol radicals and facilitate lignin formation. We show an upregulation of the expression of several LAC genes and a downregulation of microRNA397 (CamiR397) in response to natural drought in chickpea roots. CamiR397 was found to target LAC4 and LAC17L out of twenty annotated LACs in chickpea. CamiR397 and its target genes are expressed in the root. Overexpression of CamiR397 reduced expression of LAC4 and LAC17L and lignin deposition in chickpea root xylem causing reduction in xylem wall thickness. Downregulation of CamiR397 activity by expressing a short tandem target mimic (STTM397) construct increased root lignin deposition in chickpea. CamiR397-overexpressing and STTM397 chickpea lines showed sensitivity and tolerance, respectively, towards natural drought. Infection with a fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina, responsible for dry root rot (DRR) disease in chickpea, induced local lignin deposition and LAC gene expression. CamiR397-overexpressing and STTM397 chickpea lines showed more sensitivity and tolerance, respectively, to DRR. Our results demonstrated the regulatory role of CamiR397 in root lignification during drought and DRR in an agriculturally important crop chickpea.
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    Lignin deposition in chickpea root xylem under drought
    (Taylor & Francis Group, 2020) Sharma, Nilesh Kumar; Gupta, Santosh Kumar
    In our recent publication, we have shown that a member of the Laccase family, LACCASE2 (LAC2) acted as a negative regulator of lignin deposition in the root xylem tissue of Arabidopsis thaliana. LAC2 messenger RNA (mRNA) level was post-transcriptionally regulated by microRNA 397b, which showed increased expression under water and phosphate deficiency, resulting in the downregulation of LAC2 expression In this report, we have investigated root growth and lignin deposition in an economically important legume crop chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to natural drought in soil-grown condition. In contrast to the growth retardation of Arabidopsis root in mannitol-supplemented medium, chickpea root showed an increase in length in low soil moisture condition. Lignin estimation in the primary root showed an increase in lignin content, which was substantiated by staining of root xylem. Drought treatment enhanced the expression of four out of six LAC genes tested, while the expression of two was downregulated. Our preliminary study indicateed a molecular mechanism of lignin deposition in chickpea root xylem during drought.
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    The MicroRNA397b-LACCASE2 module regulates root lignification under water and phosphate deficiency
    (American Society of Plant Biologists, 2020) Khandal, Hitaishi; Singh, Amar Pal; Chattopadhyay, Debasis
    Deficiency of water and phosphate induce lignin deposition in roots. LACCASEs, a family of cell wall-localized multi-copper oxidases, are involved in lignin biosynthesis. We demonstrate here that LACCASE2 (LAC2) acts as a negative regulator of lignin deposition in root vascular tissues during water deficit. An Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutant of LAC2 displayed a short primary root and high lignin deposition in root vascular tissues. However, restoration of LAC2 expression rescued these phenotypes. LAC2 expression was significantly downregulated under water deficit and post-transcriptionally regulated by microRNA397b (miR397b) in roots under normal and water deficit conditions. Downregulation of miR397b activity increased LAC2 expression and root length, and decreased lignin content in root vasculature. Similarly, phosphate (Pi) deficiency inversely affected miR397b and LAC2 expression. Lignin deposition in the root elongation zone under Pi-limited conditions was dependent on LAC2 expression. Localized iron accumulation and callose deposition in the root elongation zone under Pi-deficiency increased with LAC2-dependent lignification, suggesting a direct relationship between these processes. Our study reveals a regulatory role for the miR397b-LAC2 module in root lignification during water- and phosphate deficiency.