Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Subject: search.filters.subject.disease resistance

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    Combined drought and heat stress influences the root water relation and determine the dry root rot disease development under field conditions: A study using contrasting chickpea genotypes
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Chilakala, Aswin Reddy; Mali, Komal Vitthalrao; Irulappan, Vadivelmurugan; Patil, Basavanagouda S.; Pandey, Prachi; Rangappa, Krishnappa; Ramegowda, Venkategowda; Kumar, M. Nagaraj; Puli, Chandra Obul Reddy; Mohan-Raju, Basavaiah; Senthil-Kumar, Muthappa
    Abiotic stressors such as drought and heat predispose chickpea plants to pathogens of key importance leading to significant crop loss under field conditions. In this study, we have investigated the influence of drought and high temperature on the incidence and severity of dry root rot disease (caused by Macrophomina phaseolina) in chickpea, under extensive on- and off-season field trials and greenhouse conditions. We explored the association between drought tolerance and dry root rot resistance in two chickpea genotypes, ICC 4958 and JG 62, with contrasting resistance to dry root rot. In addition, we extensively analyzed various patho-morphological and root architecture traits altered by combined stresses under field and greenhouse conditions in these genotypes. We further observed the role of edaphic factors in dry root rot incidence under field conditions. Altogether, our results suggest a strong negative correlation between the plant water relations and dry root rot severity in chickpeas, indicating an association between drought tolerance and dry root rot resistance. Additionally, the significant role of heat stress in altering the dynamics of dry root rot and the importance of combinatorial screening of chickpea germplasm for dry root rot resistance, drought, and heat stress have been revealed.
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    Editorial: Genetics and genomics to enhance crop production, towards food security
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Kumar, Ajay; Mir, Reyazul Rouf; Sehgal, Deepmala; Agarwal, Pinky; Carter, Arron
    Twenty first century agriculture faces many challenges including new emerging abiotic and biotic stresses and decreasing arable land. These challenges pose serious threats to food security of an ever-increasing world population. One of the solutions to meet the food demands is to develop high-yielding crop varieties with greater genetic potential and resistance/tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Just like in mid-nineteenth century, when new genes and methods resulted in the first green revolution, there is a need to combine traditional plant breeding tools with new technologies to bring another green revolution for future food security.
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    Whole genome re-sequencing of soybean accession ec241780 providing genomic landscape of candidate genes involved in rust resistance
    (Bentham Science Publishers, 2020) Ratnaparkhe, Milind Balkrishna; Marmat, Niharika; Kumawat, Giriraj; Shivakumar, Maranna; Kamble, Viraj Gangadhar; Nataraj, Vennampally; Ramesh, Shunmugiah Veluchamy; Deshmukh, Milind Panjabrao; Singh, Ajay Kumar; Sonah, Humira; Deshmukh, Rupesh Kailasrao; Prasad, Manoj; Chand, Suresh; Gupta, Sanjay
    Background: In this study, whole genome re-sequencing of rust resistant soybean genotype EC241780 was performed to understand the genomic landscape involved in the resistance mechanism. Methods: A total of 374 million raw reads were obtained with paired-end sequencing performed with Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument, out of which 287.3 million high quality reads were mapped to Williams 82 reference genome. Comparative sequence analysis of EC241780 with rust susceptible cultivars Williams 82 and JS 335 was performed to identify sequence variation and to prioritise the candidate genes. Results: Comparative analysis indicates that genotype EC241780 has high sequence similarity with rust resistant genotype PI 200492 and the resistance in EC241780 is conferred by the Rpp1 locus. Based on the sequence variations and functional annotations, three genes Glyma18G51715, Glyma18G51741 and Glyma18G51765 encoding for NBS-LRR family protein were identified as the most prominent candidate for Rpp1 locus. Conclusion: The study provides insights of genome-wide sequence variation more particularly at Rpp1 loci which will help to develop rust resistant soybean cultivars through efficient exploration of the genomic resource.
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    Ribosomal protein QM/RPL10 positively regulates defence and protein translation mechanisms during nonhost disease resistance
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2020) Ramu, Vemanna S.; Dawane, Akashata; Lee, Seonghee; Oh, Sunhee; Lee, Hee-Kyung; Sun, Liang; Senthil-Kumar, Muthappa; Mysore, Kirankumar S.
    Ribosomes play an integral part in plant growth, development, and defence responses. We report here the role of ribosomal protein large (RPL) subunit QM/RPL10 in nonhost disease resistance. The RPL10-silenced Nicotiana benthamiana plants showed compromised disease resistance against nonhost pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1. The RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that many genes involved in defence and protein translation mechanisms were differentially affected due to silencing of NbRPL10. Arabidopsis AtRPL10 RNAi and rpl10 mutant lines showed compromised nonhost disease resistance to P. syringae pv. tomato T1 and P. syringae pv. tabaci. Overexpression of AtRPL10A in Arabidopsis resulted in reduced susceptibility against host pathogen P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. RPL10 interacts with the RNA recognition motif protein and ribosomal proteins RPL30, RPL23, and RPS30 in the yeast two-hybrid assay. Silencing or mutants of genes encoding these RPL10- interacting proteins in N. benthamiana or Arabidopsis, respectively, also showed compromised disease resistance to nonhost pathogens. These results suggest that QM/ RPL10 positively regulates the defence and translation-associated genes during nonhost pathogen infection.