Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Editorial: Silicon: A “Quasi-Essential” element’s role in plant physiology and development
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Manivannan, Abinaya; Soundararajan, Prabhakaran; Jeong, Byoung Ryong
    Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element present in the Earth’s crust after oxygen, i.e., 28.8% in dry weight basis. Plants absorb Si in the form of orthosilicic acid [Si(OH)4]. Supplementation of Si has showed various beneficial effects on plants such as improved growth, yield, and tolerance against abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Owing to its benefits for plants, Si has been declared as a “Quasi-Essential” element. Accumulation of Si varies between plant species. Monocots such as rice accumulate approximately 10% of its dry weight, which is higher than essential elements such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Application of Si has a remarkable impact against pathogens, pests, and insects invasion in several plant species (Song et al., 2021). Similarly, Si combats against various abiotic stresses such as drought, cold, salinity, UV-B, and heavy metals (Mir et al., 2022).
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    Plant phospholipase D: novel structure, regulatory mechanism, and multifaceted functions with biotechnological application
    (Taylor & Francis Group, 2022) Deepika, Deepika; Singh, Amarjeet
    Phospholipases D (PLDs) are important membrane lipid-modifying enzymes in eukaryotes. Phosphatidic acid, the product of PLD activity, is a vital signaling molecule. PLD-mediated lipid signaling has been the subject of extensive research leading to discovery of its crystal structure. PLDs are involved in the pathophysiology of several human diseases, therefore, viewed as promising targets for drug design. The availability of a eukaryotic PLD crystal structure will encourage PLD targeted drug designing. PLDs have been implicated in plants response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of response is not clear. Recently, several novel findings have shown that PLD mediated modulation of structural and developmental processes, such as: stomata movement, root growth and microtubule organization are crucial for plants adaptation to environmental stresses. Involvement of PLDs in regulating membrane remodeling, auxin mediated alteration of root system architecture and nutrient uptake to combat nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies and magnesium toxicity is established. PLDs via vesicle trafficking modulate cytoskeleton and exocytosis to regulate self-incompatibility (SI) signaling in flowering plants, thereby contributes to plants hybrid vigor and diversity. In addition, the important role of PLDs has been recognized in biotechnologically important functions, including oil/TAG synthesis and maintenance of seed quality. In this review, we describe the crystal structure of a plant PLD and discuss the molecular mechanism of catalysis and activity regulation. Further, the role of PLDs in regulating plant development under biotic and abiotic stresses, nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency, magnesium ion toxicity, SI signaling and pollen tube growth and in important biotechnological applications has been discussed.