Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Metabolomic profiling reveals key factors and associated pathways regulating the differential behavior of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes exposed to geogenic arsenic
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2024) Saini, Himanshu; Panthri, Medha; Khan, Ehasanullah; Saxena, Samiksha; Pandey, Ashutosh; Gupta, Meetu
    Arsenic (As) toxicity is an escalating problem; however, information about the metabolic events controlling the varied pattern of As accumulation in rice genotypes within their natural environment is still lacking. The present study is thus an advancement in unravelling the response of such rice genotypes. Soil-water-rice samples were analyzed for As accumulation using ICP-MS. Furthermore, we implemented metabolomics through LC-MS/MS and UHPLC to identify metabolic signatures regulating As content by observing the metalloid's composition in rice agrosystem. Results showed that rice genotypes differed significantly in their levels of metabolites, with Mini mansoori and Pioneer having the highest levels. Mini mansoori contained least As which might have been regulated by Ala, Ser, Glu, Phe, Asn, His, Ile, Lys, Gln, Trp, Tyr, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, trans-ferulic, rutin, morin, naringenin, kampferol, and myricetin, while Asp, Arg, Met, syringic, epigalocatechin, and apigenin contributed to the greater As acclimatization ability of Pioneer. Multivariate tools separated the rice genotypes into two major clusters: Pioneer-Mini mansoori and Damini-Sampoorna-Chintu. KEGG identified three major metabolic pathways (aminoacyl-tRNA, phenylpropanoid, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis route) linked with As tolerance and adaptation mechanisms in rice. Overall, these two genotypes symbolize their As hostile and accommodating attitudes probably due to the accumulated metabolites and the physicochemical attributes of the soil-water. Thus, thorough understanding of the metabolic reactions to As may facilitate the emergence of As tolerant/resilient genotypes. This will aid in the selection of molecular markers to cultivate healthier rice genotypes in As-contaminated areas.
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    Comparative analysis of phytochemicals and nutrient availability in two contrasting cultivars of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
    (Elsevier B.V., 2014) Shekhar, Shubhendu; Mishra, Divya; Buragohain, Alak Kumar; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    Sweet potato ranks as the world's seventh most important food crop, and has major contribution to energy and phytochemical source of nutrition. To unravel the molecular basis for differential nutrient availability, and to exploit the natural genetic variation(s) of sweet potato, a series of physiochemical and proteomics experiment was conducted using two contrasting cultivars, an orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) and a white-fleshed sweet potato (WFSP). Phytochemical screening revealed high percentage of carbohydrate, reducing sugar and phenolics in WFSP, whereas OFSP showed increased levels of total protein, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. The rate of starch and cellulose degradation was found to be less in OFSP during storage, indicating tight regulation of gene(s) responsible for starch-degradation. Comparative proteomics displayed a cultivar-dependent expression of proteins along with evolutionarily conserved proteins. These results suggest that cultivar-specific expression of proteins and/or their interacting partners might play a crucial role for nutrient acquisition in sweet potato.