Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Differential expression of genes during recovery of Nicotiana tabacum from tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus infection
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2023) Namgial, T.; Singh, A. K.; Singh, N. P.; Francis, A.; Chattopadhyay, Debasis; Voloudakis, A.; Chakraborty, S.
    Elucidating the role of host factors in response to viral infection is crucial in understanding the plant host–virus interaction. Begomovirus, a genus in the family Geminiviridae, is reported throughout the globe and is known to cause serious crop diseases. Tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus (ToLCGV) infection in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in initial symptom expression followed by a quick recovery in the systemic leaves. Transcriptome analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed a large number of diferentially expressed genes both in symptomatic as well as recovered leaves when compared to mock-inoculated plants. The virus infected N. tabacum results in alteration of various metabolic pathways, phytohormone signaling pathway, defense related protein, protease inhibitor, and DNA repair pathway. RT-qPCR results indicated that Germin-like protein subfamily T member 2 (NtGLPST), Cysteine protease inhibitor 1-like (NtCPI), Thaumatin-like protein (NtTLP), Kirola-like (NtKL), and Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF109-like (NtERTFL) were down-regulated in symptomatic leaves when compared to recovered leaves of ToLCGV-infected plants. In contrast, the Auxin-responsive protein SAUR71-like (NtARPSL) was found to be diferentially down-regulated in recovered leaves when compared to symptomatic leaves and the mock-inoculated plants. Lastly, Histone 2X protein like (NtHH2L) gene was found to be down-regulated, whereas Uncharacterized (NtUNCD) was up-regulated in both symptomatic as well as recovered leaves compared to the mock-inoculated plants. Taken together, the present study suggests potential roles of the diferentially expressed genes that might govern tobacco’s susceptibility and/or recovery response towards ToLCGV infection.
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    Genomics of filamentous phytopathogens: new insight in pathogenesis and virulence
    (Westville Pub., New Delhi, 2012) Kumar, Kamal; Verma, Praveen K.
    Plants being the primary producers are always engaged in complex dialogue with other organisms. From the start of agricultural practices, plant diseases have concerned humans as they limit the supply of food and with the growing population this concern has elevated. A general observation in nature is that most plants are resistant to most pathogens or a pathogen can only cause disease on one or a few related plant species. This observation suggests that plants possess a defense system against potential pathogens and only few adapted or evolved pathogens can breach this multi-layered defense. Understanding the molecular and biochemical complexities of plant-pathogen interactions and applying obtained knowledge for sustainable agriculture is the aim of research projects around the globe. In this aspect, the sequencing projects of many filamentous pathogens (oomycetes and fungi) have revealed the information about an arsenal of molecules that are the key pathogenicity determinants on plants. In this chapter, we have presented recent findings on the evolution and functions of these protein molecules delivered by filamentous pathogens for successful pathogenesis on host plants. This area of molecular plant pathology is emerging very fast as effectors and cognate host proteins are the front-runners in this co-evolving host-pathogen interaction.