Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Regulation of stress responses in plants by calcium dependent protein kinases
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2021) Deepika; Mali, Komal Vitthalrao; Kumar, Amit; Singh, Amarjeet
    Calcium‐dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) represent the group of major calcium (Ca2+) sensors in plants. CDPKs comprise of peculiar structural features due to which they play a dual role of “Ca2+ sensor and responder” and decode the message from specific Ca2+ signature to phosphorylation events. Onset of most of the stresses results in increase in cytosolic Ca2+ level in plant cell. In depth functional analyses across plant species showed regulation of CDPK transcripts, activity, protein interactions and substrate targeting under biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, vital role of CDPKs is proposed in transduction of stress triggered Ca2+ signaling to adaptive responses in plants. Genetic manipulations using CDPK genes could be vital in the agricultural biotechnology for imparting tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress, and better productivity. In this chapter, we provide an overview and update of CDPK gene family organization, CDPK domain structure and regulatory mechanism, the role of various CDPKs in abiotic stress, biotic stress signaling and responses in the model and crop plants.
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    Traversing the links between heavy metal stress and plant signaling
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2018) Jalmi, Siddhi K.; Bhagat, Prakash K.; Verma, Deepanjali; Noryang, Stanzin; Tayyeba, Sumaira; Singh, Kirti; Sharma, Deepika; Sinha, Alok Krishna
    Plants confront multifarious environmental stresses widely divided into abiotic and biotic stresses, of which heavy metal stress represents one of the most damaging abiotic stresses. Heavy metals cause toxicity by targeting crucial molecules and vital processes in the plant cell. One of the approaches by which heavy metals act in plants is by over production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) either directly or indirectly. Plants act against such overdose of metal in the environment by boosting the defense responses like metal chelation, sequestration into vacuole, regulation of metal intake by transporters, and intensification of antioxidative mechanisms. This response shown by plants is the result of intricate signaling networks functioning in the cell in order to transmit the extracellular stimuli into an intracellular response. The crucial signaling components involved are calcium signaling, hormone signaling, and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling that are discussed in this review. Apart from signaling components other regulators like microRNAs and transcription factors also have a major contribution in regulating heavy metal stress. This review demonstrates the key role of MAPKs in synchronously controlling the other signaling components and regulators in metal stress. Further, attempts have been made to focus on metal transporters and chelators that are regulated by MAPK signaling.
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    Channels hold the key: cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGC) in plant biotic stress signaling
    (International Society of Endocytobiology, 2015) Meena, Mukesh K.; Vadassery, Jyothilakshmi
    Cyclic nucleotide‐gated channels (CNGC) are non‐ selective cation channels opened by the direct binding of cyclic nucleotides and permit diffusion of divalent and monovalent cations, including Ca2+ and K+. The role of CNGC in various plant signaling process is emerging rapidly. Multiple studies have shown that CNGCs are involved in both basal and R gene mediated plant immunity. In this review, we will concentrate on the role of CNGCs in plant immunity, their role in calcium uptake in plants and on their relevance for plant phenotypic plasticity, focusing mostly on the well‐studied Arabidopsis CNGCs.