Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Potential regulation of cleistogamy in pigeonpea through jasmonic acid and bHLH transcription factor interactions
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2025) Gupta, Palak; Srivastava, Harsha; Kumar, Kuldeep; Nirgude, Machindra; Arpita, Kumari; Vadassery, Jyothilakshmi; Sharma, Sandhya; Abdin, Malik Zainul; Gaikwad, Kishor
    This study provides insights into the molecular and hormonal control of cleistogamy in pigeonpea, focusing on bHLH transcription factors and jasmonic acid pathway. Pigeonpea, an annual diploid (2n = 22) grain legume, holds significant nutritional value in cereal-dominated diets. The chasmogamous flowers of pigeonpea have a typical 9 + 1 diadelphous stamen where flowers open pre-fertilization resulting in cross-pollination. In contrast, a cleistogamous genotype characterized by polyadelphous stamens and flowers that open post-fertilization ensuring seed purity was analyzed for identifying causal pathways. Subsequent analysis focused on a set of transcription factors and their interaction with the hormonal networks associated with cleistogamy. Genes of the Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway have been established to play a significant role in inducing cleistogamy and one of the key regulators of the JA pathway is bHLH (basic helix loop helix). A genome-wide survey identified 176 bHLH genes in the pigeonpea genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified 176 bHLH genes into 21 subfamilies distributed randomly across the genome. Gene ontology, cis-motifs analysis in the upstream region, and protein-protein interaction network implied the involvement of these genes in various biological processes. Expression analysis of key genes of the jasmonic acid pathway which includes MYC2 (Cc_bHLH135) along with its interacting partners TIFY/JAZ in chasmogamous and cleistogamous floral tissues revealed their potential role in flower opening. The results of UHPLC-MS/MS quantitation of Jasmonic acid and its bioactive form JA-Ile align with the expression analysis. The congruence of gene expression and hormone profiling highlights the involvement of the JA pathway in regulating flower opening, implying their potential role in cleistogamy in pigeonpea.
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    Biochemical analysis of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin and their regulation in determining chickpea flower and seed coat colours
    (Oxford University Press, 2023) Pal, Lalita; Dwivedi, Vikas; Gupta, Santosh Kumar; Saxena, Samiksha; Pandey, Ashutosh; Chattopadhyay, Debasis
    Flower and seed coat colour are important agronomic traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Cultivated chickpeas are of two types namely, desi (dark seeded, purple flower) and kabuli (light colour seeded, white flower). There has been limited information about the molecular mechanism underlying the colour variation of flower and seed coats in desi and kabuli chickpea. We profiled the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin (PA) contents in chickpea flowers and seed coats. Tissue-specific silencing of two genes encoding a basic helix-loop-helix (CabHLH) protein and a tonoplast-localized multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (CaMATE1) transporter in a desi genotype resulted in the reduction in expressions of anthocyanin and PA biosynthetic genes and anthocyanin and PA contents in the flower and seed coat and produced flowers and seeds with kabuli characteristics. Transcriptional regulation of a subset of anthocyanin and PA biosynthetic genes by a natural CabHLH variant and transport assay of a natural CaMATE1 variant explained the association of these alleles with the kabuli phenotype. We carried out a detailed molecular characterization of these genes, and provided evidences that kabuli chickpea flower and seed colour phenotype can be derived by manipulation of single genes in a desi chickpea background.