Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Improving nutrient use efficiency (NtUE) in crops: an overview
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2024) Maurya, Jyoti; Singh, Roshan Kumar; Prasad, Manoj
    Nutrients are essential components for plant growth, development, and survival, directly affecting crop yields. Ever-increasing global population has resulted into surged food demands while shrinking agricultural lands have led to soil nutrient depletion, causing deficiencies in plants and reduced yields. To bridge this gap, fertilizer applications have flowed, but excessive usage has severe environmental, economic, and health consequences. Minimizing fertilizer application without compromising crop yields due to nutrient deficiency is a pressing issue. To address this, understanding and enhancing Nutrient Use Efficiency (NtUE) in crops is essential. The present article discusses the fundamental of NtUE and its components, target traits to be taken into account for NtUE improvement, and holistic strategies to improve NtUE in crops. By improving intrinsic NtUE of crops, we can reduce fertilizer waste, mitigate environmental impacts, and ensure sustainable agricultural productivity.
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    The ins and outs of SWEETs in plants: current understanding of the basics and their prospects in crop improvement
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2021) Anjali, Anjali; Fatima, Urooj; Senthil-Kumar, Muthappa
    Sugar will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs), a newly discovered class of sugar transporters, play a significant role in sugar efflux processes across various kingdoms of life. In fact, SWEETs have a long evolutionary path from prokaryotes to higher plants. In plants, they are involved in developmental processes, including nectar secretion, pollen nutrition, and seed filling. While the role of SWEETs has been well studied in biotic stresses, particularly their manipulation by pathogens for sugar acquisition, they have also been linked to many abiotic stresses. Although the phylogenetic relationships and solved structures of SWEETs in different plants have been revealed, their regulation remains unexplored. The current review deals with all the exciting discoveries around SWEETs, including their classification and diversity, and bridges the gaps in their evolutionary story, from bacterial semiSWEETs to eukaryotic SWEETs. We also critically examine SWEETs at genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels, as evinced by recently published examples from grain, millet, and horticultural crops. In addition, we highlight the possibilities of utilizing SWEETs in applications such as bioethanol production and disease diagnostic markers. We attempt to elucidate and unify findings related to the yet unsolved puzzle of SWEET regulation in plants to improve crop production and protection for sustainable agriculture.