Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Monogalactosyl Diacylglycerol Synthase 3 affects phosphate utilization and acquisition in rice
    (Oxford University Press, 2022) Verma, Lokesh; Bhadouria, Jyoti; Rupam, Bhunia Kumar; Singh, Shweta; Panchal, Poonam; Bhatia, Chitra; Eastmond, Peter J; Giri, Jitender
    Galactolipids are essential for compensating for the loss of phospholipids by “membrane lipid remodeling” in plants under phosphorus (P) deficiency. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) synthases catalyze the synthesis of MGDG which is further converted into digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), later replacing phospholipids in the extraplastidial membranes. However, the roles of these enzymes are not well explored in rice. In this study, the rice MGDG synthase gene, OsMGD3 was identified and functionally characterized. We showed that plant phosphate (Pi) status and transcription factor OsPHR2 are involved in the transcriptional regulation of OsMGD3. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout (KO) and overexpression (OE) lines of OsMGD3 were generated to explore its potential role in rice adaptation to Pi deficiency. Compared to WT, OsMGD3 KO lines displayed a reduction while OE lines showed an enhanced, Pi acquisition and utilization. Further, OsMGD3 showed a predominant role in roots, altering lateral root growth. Our comprehensive lipidomic analysis revealed the role of OsMGD3 in membrane lipid remodeling in addition to a role in regulating diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid levels that affected the expression of Pi transporters. Our study highlights the role of OsMGD3 in affecting both internal P utilization and P acquisition in rice.
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    GC-MS-based analysis of methanol: chloroform-extracted fatty acids from plant tissues
    (Bio-protocol LLC., 2018) Patel, Manish Kumar; Das, Shubhashis; Thakur, Jitendra K.
    Fatty acids (FAs) are carboxylic acids with long aliphatic chains that may be straight, branched and saturated or unsaturated. Most of the naturally occurring plant FAs contains an even number of carbon (C4-C24). FAs are used in food and pharmacological industries due to their nutritional importance. In addition, FAs are considered as a promising alternative for the production of biodiesel from terrestrial plant biomass. To establish commercial applications, more reliable analytical methods are needed for the identification, quantification, and composition determination of FAs. Here, we describe a relatively rapid and sensitive method for the extraction, identification, and quantification of FAs from a small quantity of plant tissue. The method includes steps of lipid extraction, conversion of lipid to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by transmethylation, identification and quantification of FAMEs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this protocol, an internal standard is added prior to GC-MS analysis. The amount of each FA is calculated from its peak area relative to the peak area of the internal standard.