Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Insect herbivory simulation and insect bioassays to study plant stress memory response
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2026) Meena, Mukesh Kumar
    Plant stress memory response is an emerging field in plant–insect interaction. Recent reports indicate phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) triggers long-term effects on the defense phenotype, transcriptome, and DNA methylome of Arabidopsis. Long-term JA-mediated induced resistance required MYC2/3/4 transcription factors and epigenetic regulatory components that prepare plants for future insect herbivore threats. Three weeks after transient JA signaling, 5-week-old plants retained induced resistance against herbivory but showed increased susceptibility to pathogens. This mechanism is linked with long-term priming and/or upregulation of JA-dependent defense genes but repression of ethylene- and salicylic acid-dependent genes. Still more research is required to fully understand plant stress memory response in plant–insect interaction. Here, a detailed and reproducible protocol for simulated herbivory and sample collection for transcriptomic and metabolomic studies is described to investigate involved defense signaling pathways. Furthermore, the insect bioassay protocol is described to study insect performance on various plant genotypes. Both protocols are robust and could be useful to study plant stress memory response in plant defense mechanisms through simulated herbivory and direct insect performance and feeding behavior by insect bioassays.
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    Regulatory role of phytohormones in the interaction of plants with insect herbivores
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023) Kundu, Pritha; Bera, Paramita; Mishra, Shruti; Vadassery, Jyothilakshmi
    Insect herbivores affect crop growth worldwide, causing significant yield losses annually. Phytohormones are prime signaling molecules that coordinate many physiological phenomena, besides triggering stress-responsive regulatory genes involved in plant defense. Here, we present a holistic picture of the central role of various phytohormones—jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids in regulating the diverse molecular interactions between plants and insect herbivores. With an initial overview of the early signaling response, the chapter majorly focuses on the role of different key phytohormones in defending plants against herbivory and their cross talk. We also describe the phytohormone-mediated production of secondary metabolites and other defense toxins to counteract harmful herbivores. With the well-established myriad of information in selected plant–herbivore model systems, it is now critical to translate this knowledge to less explored crop plants for sustainable development in agriculture.