Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Author: search.filters.author.Yadav, GitanjaliHas files: No

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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Data for development and the role of CODATA of the International Science Council (ISC)
    (NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIR, 2024) Selematsela, Daisy; Mujoomunshi, Usha; Yadav, Gitanjali
    While the discussion on data for development gains traction in society especially with the focus on Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs), there is the need for more insight into the long-standing global perspectives on data and information for science. The International Science Council (ISC) established in 1932 as International Council for Scientific Unions (ICSU) aims to strengthen international science for the benefit of society. The key principle is the "Universality of Science"1which interprets science as a collective effort working for the common good, but a growing number of scientists, policy-makers, and social scientists argue that science is often too isolated from society to fulfil this promise. This brings in the concept of 'Open Science' to close the gap between science and society by democratizing scientific knowledge, for the benefit of everyone. The Committee on Data (CODATA), an interdisciplinary body of ISC is the focus of this paper, along with recent perspectives regarding its role and needs of science in the present information-driven society.
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    The #semantic climate community: making open-source software for knowledge liberation
    (NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIR, 2024) Yadav, Gitanjali; Hegde, Shweata; Kumari, Renu; Kumari, Neeraj; Murray-Rust, Peter; Worthington, Simon
    #semantic Climate is an international open research community led by young Indian scientists who use Open Notebook Science to transform information into structured filtered and actionable knowledge. The key project mission is to liberate scientific climate data, making it equitable and freely accessible to everyone. The #semantic Climate community achieves this through two central activities, namely collaborative open notebook science, and citizen engagement. The first activity is research oriented and involves creation of a proof-of-concept software toolkit that uses AI over NLP to transform locked literature (such as PDF documents) into semantic, hypermedia form. This is a non-trivial task, that has haunted developers for over three decades, and the #semantic Toolkit makes complex climate reports not just easily accessible, but also processable by machines, embedded in the Global Knowledge Graph and thereby connected to multilingual resources. The second activity is where the #semantic Climate community engages citizens in climate action and awareness through interactive hackathons, open and transparent working practices, and using Git versioning. From a citizen science perspective, this includes designing community outreach activities (games), giving attribution to all participants, and engaging the wider public in the culture and practices of science (verifiable knowledge, review, data science, modern infrastructure use, etc). This article is an overview of the #semantic Climate community building efforts, and how the project employs strategies, techniques, and ideas from the fields of Open Notebook Science. The open-source software culture and projects follow UNESCO Open Science values, and knowledge justice for the Global South, towards addressing knowledge neo-colonisation.
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    AI & ethics: charting a responsible future
    (NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIR, 2024) Yadav, Gitanjali; Munshi, Angad; Kumari, Renu; Singh, Dhananjay; Kumari, Neeraj; Munshi, Usha Mujoo
    Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the world, but its development and deployment raise critical ethical questions. This paper explores the key themes that emerged from a national conclave on AI and Ethics in India, bringing together industry and academic leaders. We examine the potential of AI for various sectors, with a thematic case study for the Genome Biology sector, alongside concerns about bias, privacy, and accountability. AI development and use, while underscoring the need for an ethical framework to guide its evolution, emphasizes the need for collaboration between academia and industry to develop ethical frameworks and translate principles into practical applications. In summary, ethical AI may serve as a moral framework of AI technologies to ensure that our technological capability aligns with fundamental societal values and human dignity on the road to progress. This framework by definition would not be a static set of commandments but a dynamic constantly evolving idea about the use of technologies like AI.
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    Metabolomics and molecular physiology perspective for drought and salinity stress tolerance
    (Taylor & Francis Group, 2022) Jadhav, Sagar Sudam; Kumari, Renu; Mahtha, Sanjeet Kumar; Purama, Ravi Kiran; Lamba, Vinita; Yadav, Gitanjali
    Among abiotic stresses, drought and salinity are mainly affecting crop production. Reactive oxygen species are produced during most of abiotic stresses and can damage cellular components. Therefore, plants produce specific antioxidants (e.g. carotenoids, xanthophylls), metabolites (e.g. flavonoids, phenols), osmoregulatory solutes (e.g. proline, sucrose) and thylakoid stabilizing isoprenes. Plant metabolic networks are complex, and excessive demand for these stress-responsive metabolites during abiotic stress is met only by reconfiguring the metabolic network. This chapter mainly discusses drought and salt stress-specific plant metabolomic and molecular responses and gives insights into signaling network involved thereof. Metabolomics combined with conventional breeding approaches (using introgression lines) has proven to be able to map abiotic stress-responsive loci and key candidates. The role of kinases and argonautes and the prospecting of stress-responsive metabolic quantitative trait loci and alleles are also discussed. The importance of amino acid and hormone metabolism and its connection with epigenetics is reviewed.
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    Complex networks reveal biological functions of START domains in rice: Insights from computational systems biology
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2022) Mahtha, Sanjeet Kumar; Citu; Prasad, Abhishek; Yadav, Gitanjali
    With the advancement of high throughput technologies, there has been a massive surge in the omics data generation and there is a growing need to integrate this data gain insights into the patterns that shape biological interactions. Complex networks not only enable representation of such interactions, but also offer a mechanism for visualization and understanding of big data at a systems level. In this work, we use a complex network approach to investigate functions of the plant amplified StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domains in rice. We analyse the data at three levels; namely the transcriptome, proteome, and regulome. Each of these distinct datasets was superimposed after generation of the respective co-expression, protein-protein interaction, and gene regulatory networks for rice START genes, to reveal domain specific features in the family. This work thus serves as a protocol for network-based approaches to understand biological processes of genes and to complement experimental strategy.
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    Robustness through regime flips in collapsing ecological networks
    (Springer Nature, 2018) Babu, Suresh; Yadav, Gitanjali
    There has been considerable progress in our perception of organized complexity in recent years. Recurrent debates on the dynamics and stability of complex systems have provided several insights, but it is very difficult to find identifiable patterns in the relationship between complex network structure and dynamics. Traditionally an arena for theoreticians, much of this research has been invigorated by demonstration of alternate stable states in real world ecosystems such as lakes, coral reefs, forests and grasslands. In this work, we use topological connectivity attributes of eighty six ecological networks and link these with random and targeted perturbations, to obtain general patterns of behaviour of complex real world systems. We have analyzed the response of each ecological network to individual, grouped and cascading extinctions, and the results suggest that most networks are robust to loss of specialists until specific thresholds are reached in terms of network geodesics. If the extinctions persist beyond these thresholds, a state change or ‘flip’ occurs and the structural properties are altered drastically, although the network does not collapse. As opposed to simpler or smaller networks, we find larger networks to contain multiple states that may in turn, ensure long-term persistence, suggesting that complexity can endow resilience to ecosystems. The concept of critical transitions in ecological networks and the implications of these findings for complex systems characterized by networks are likely to be profound with immediate significance for ecosystem conservation, invasion biology and restoration ecology.