Publications of NIPGR Scientists
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Item Plant responses to combined abiotic and biotic stresses(Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2026) Preethi, V; Senthil, A; Senthil-Kumar, Muthappa; Raveendran, M; Anitha, K; Boominathan, P; Johnson, I; Karthikeyan, RClimate change has increased the frequency of extreme weather events, leading to the widespread occurrence of various abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and temperature. Abiotic challenges often coincide with biotic stresses including pathogen and pest infestations. The frequent occurrence of such stresses, either individually or in combination, hinders crop growth, development, yield and quality. Plants have evolved diverse physiological and molecular adaptations to safeguard themselves against various stresses. However, plant responses to combined biotic and abiotic stresses are more complex and variable than responses to individual stresses, due to the intricate interactions among signaling networks and defense pathways. A clear understanding of how abiotic stresses influence pest and disease incidence as well as their severity is essential for developing strategies to mitigate the effect of combined stresses. Despite progress in individual stresses, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the alterations in physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of plants under combined stress conditions. This review aims to provide insights into plant responses to combined abiotic and biotic stress interactions and highlights the key morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms, and presents recent case studies illustrating plant responses and effects under such combined stresses. In addition, this review highlights the integration of mechanistic insights with modern biotechnological and breeding strategies for enhancing plant tolerance to combined abiotic and biotic stresses. By providing a multi-dimensional framework that connects physiological, molecular, and computational analyses, it enables the identification of tolerant genotypes and serves as a comprehensive resource for plant breeders, molecular biologists, and agronomists to develop targeted strategies for improving crop resilience under combined stress conditions.Item Unmasking complexities of combined stresses for creating climate-smart crops(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Pandey, Prachi; Senthil-Kumar, MuthappaUnderstanding the complex challenges that plants face from multiple stresses is key to developing climate-ready crops. We highlight the significance of the Stress Combinations and their Interactions in Plants database (SCIPdb) for studying the impact of stress combinations on plants and the importance of aligning thematic research programs to create crops aligned with achieving sustainable development goals.Item Progress and prospects of concurrent or combined stress studies in plants(John Wiley & Sons, 2021) Mahalingam, Ramamurthy; Pandey, Prachi; Senthil-Kumar, MuthappaPlants growing under field conditions are often exposed to multiple abiotic and biotic stresses occurring simultaneously or sequentially. Biotic stressors often interact with abiotic stressors at the plant interphase, which makes the impact of their combination on plants remarkably variable, though differing with order and intensity of stresses, as well as plant species and pathotypes. In this article, we examine the major abiotic stress combinations, as well as abiotic-biotic stress combinations, and physiological and molecular responses of plants to these combined stresses. Utilizing the available literature, information on the phenomic and transcriptomic response of plants to the combined abiotic and biotic stresses, and the cross-talk during signalling is reviewed. A succinct discussion on the scope and application of combined abiotic and biotic stress studies highlighting major gaps and novel avenues for further research is articulated.