Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Author: search.filters.author.Prasad, ManojSubject: search.filters.subject.Chloroplast

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    SiHSFA2e regulated expression of SisHSP21.9 maintains chloroplast proteome integrity under high temperature stress
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2022) Singh, Roshan Kumar; Muthamilarasan, Mehanathan; Prasad, Manoj
    High temperature-induced crop failures are prominent nowadays in major staples, including rice, wheat, and maize; however, crops such as foxtail millet (Setaria italica) are resilient to temperature stress. In this study, a novel small heat shock protein of foxtail millet, SisHSP21.9, is identified and characterized for its role in conferring tolerance to high-temperature stress. SisHSP21.9 is a panicoid-specific gene, which is highly upregulated during high-temperature in leaves, and the protein is localized in the chloroplast. Its expression is directly regulated by heat shock factor, SiHSFA2e, during temperature stress. Further, overexpression of SiHSP21.9 in rice enhanced the survival of transgenics during high-temperature stress (> 80% survival frequency), and the transgenic lines showed improved plant architecture and overall grain yield. Compared to WT plants, transgenic lines maintained optimal photosynthesis rates with higher photosystem efficiencies at high temperatures, and this is conferred through protecting the components of photosystems, chlorophyll-binding proteins, and chloroplast-localized functional proteins by SisHSP21.9. Prolonged high-temperature stress showed minimal damage to chloroplast proteins resulting in comparatively lower yield loss (35–37%) in transgenic lines. Altogether, the study suggests that SisHSP21.9 is a potential candidate for designing thermotolerant crops for climate-resilient agriculture; however, further research is needed because tolerance to abiotic stresses is polygenic.
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    Chilli leaf curl virus infection downregulates the expression of the genes encoding chloroplast proteins and stress-related proteins
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2019) Kushwaha, Nirbhay Kumar; Mansi; Sahu, Pranav Pankaj; Prasad, Manoj; Chakrabroty, Supriya
    Virus infection alters the expression of several host genes involved in various cellular and biological processes in plants. Most of the studies performed till now have mainly focused on genes which are up-regulated and later projected them as probable stress tolerant/susceptible genes. Nevertheless, genes which are down-regulated during plant-virus interaction could also play a critical role on disease development as well as in combating the virus infection. Hence, to identify such down-regulated genes and pathway, we performed reverse suppression subtractive hybridization in Capsicum annuum var. Punjab Lal following Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) infection. The screening and further processing suggested that majority of the genes (approximately 35% ESTs) showed homology with the genes encoding chloroplast proteins and 16% genes involved in the biotic and abiotic stress response. Additionally, we identified several genes, functionally known to be involved in metabolic processes, protein synthesis and degradation, ribosomal proteins, energy production, DNA replication and transcription, and transporters. We also found 3% transcripts which did not show homology with any known genes. The redundancy analysis revealed the maximum percentage of chlorophyll a-b binding protein (15/96) and auxin-binding proteins (13/96).