Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Author: search.filters.author.Giri, JitenderSubject: search.filters.subject.phytohormones

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    Unearthing root response mechanisms to soil compaction in legumes
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2026) Ganotra, Jahanvi; Pandey, Mandavi; Pandey, Bipin K.; Giri, Jitender
    Roots are essential for the survival and functioning of plants, serving as anchors in the soil and drawing in vital nutrients and water. Roots also engage in diverse microbial interactions, including pathogenic interactions that cause plant disease and non-pathogenic interactions, such as symbiotic and commensal relationships. Mechanical resistance in compacted soil is one of the biggest challenges for root exploration. Soil compaction hampers plant growth by restricting root elongation, reducing root proliferation, and limiting access to water, nutrients, and oxygen. These restrictions interfere with root-microbe interactions and also impair aboveground growth, leading to decreased shoot biomass, stunted development, and lower overall productivity. Legume roots form symbiotic relationships with soil-dwelling Rhizobium, resulting in root nodules that convert atmospheric nitrogen (N) into ammonia, thereby promoting plant growth. However, the impact of soil compaction on legume roots remains poorly studied. In this review, we examine key adaptive strategies used by legume roots to counteract soil compaction, focusing on the underlying molecular pathways. A complex signalling network regulates molecular processes that control root development and nodulation in legumes. We also explore the genetic and environmental factors that influence morphological, anatomical, and biochemical traits under mechanical stress, providing insights for improving stress resilience in legumes.
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    Plant phosphate status influences root biotic interactions
    (Oxford University Press, 2023) Pazhamala, Lekha T; Giri, Jitender
    Phosphorus (P) deficiency stress in combination with biotic stress(s) severely impacts crop yield. Plant responses to P deficiency overlapping with that of other stresses exhibit a high degree of complexity involving different signaling pathways. On one hand, plants engage with rhizosphere microbiome/ arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for improved phosphate (Pi) acquisition and plant stress response upon Pi deficiency, on the other, this association is inhibited under Pi sufficiency. This nutrient-dependent response is highly regulated by phosphate starvation response (PSR) mediated by the master regulator, PHR1 and its homolog, PHL. It is interesting to note that Pi status (deficiency/sufficiency) has a varying response (positive/negative) to different biotic encounters (beneficial microbes/opportunistic pathogens/insect herbivory), through a coupled PSR-PHR1-immune response. This also involves crosstalk among multiple players including transcription factors, defense hormones, microRNAs, and phosphate transporters, among others influencing the plant-biotic-phosphate interactions. We provide a comprehensive view of these key players involved in maintaining a delicate balance between Pi homeostasis and plant immunity. Finally, we propose strategies to utilize this information to improve crop resilience to P deficiency in combination with biotic stresses.