Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Author: search.filters.author.Giri, JitenderSubject: search.filters.subject.abiotic stress

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    Organic acids: Versatile stress response roles in plants
    (Oxford University Press, 2021) Panchal, Poonam; Miller, Anthony J; Giri, Jitender
    Organic acids (OAs) are central to cellular metabolism. Many plant stress responses involve exudation of OAs at the root-soil interface that can improve soil mineral acquisition and toxic metal tolerance. Because of their simple structure, the Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids (LMWOAs) are widely studied. We discuss the conventional roles of OAs, along with some newly emerging roles in plant stress tolerance. OAs are more versatile in their role in plant stress tolerance and are efficient chelating agents when compared with other acids, such as amino acids. Root OA exudation is important in soil carbon sequestration. These functions are key processes combating climate change and helping with more sustainable food production. We briefly review the mechanisms behind enhanced biosynthesis, secretion and regulation of these activities under different stresses. Also, an outline of the transgenic approaches targeted towards the enhanced production and secretion of OAs is provided. A re-occurring theme of OAs in plant biology is their roles as either ‘acids’ modifying pH or ‘chelators’ binding metals or as ‘carbon sources’ for microbes. We argue that these multiple functions are key factors for understanding these molecules important roles in plant stress biology. Finally, we contemplate how the functions of OAs in plant stress responses can be made use of and what the important unanswered questions are.
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    SAPs as novel regulators of abiotic stress response in plants
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2013) Giri, Jitender; Dansana, Prasant K.; Kothari, Kamakshi S.; Sharma, Gunjan; Vij, Shubha; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.
    Stress associated proteins (SAPs), novel A20/AN1 zinc-finger domain-containing proteins, are fast emerging as potential candidates for biotechnological approaches in order to improve abiotic stress tolerance in plants - the ultimate aim of which is crop-yield protection. Until relatively recently, such proteins had only been identified in humans, where they had been shown to be key regulators of innate immunity. Their phylogenetic relationship and recruitment of diverse protein domains reflect an architectural and mechanistic diversity. Emerging evidence suggests that SAPs may act as ubiquitin ligase, redox sensor, and regulator of gene expression during stress. Here, we evaluate the new knowledge on SAPs with a view to understand their mechanism of action. Furthermore, we set an agenda for investigating hitherto unexplored roles of these proteins.
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    Rice A20/AN1 zinc-finger containing stress-associated proteins (SAP1/11) and a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (OsRLCK253) interact via A20 zinc-finger and confer abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Giri, Jitender; Vij, Shubha; Dansana, Prasant K.; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.
    The inbuilt mechanisms of plant survival have been exploited for improving tolerance to abiotic stresses. Stress-associated proteins (SAPs), containing A20/AN1 zinc-finger domains, confer abiotic stress tolerance in different plants, however, their interacting partners and downstream targets remain to be identified. •In this study, we have investigated the subcellular interactions of rice SAPs and their interacting partner using yeast two-hybrid and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) approaches. Their efficacy in improving abiotic stress tolerance was analysed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Regulation of gene expression by genome-wide microarray in transgenics was used to identify downstream targets. •It was found that the A20 domain mediates the interaction of OsSAP1 with self, its close homolog OsSAP11 and a rice receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, OsRLCK253. Such interactions between OsSAP1/11 and with OsRLCK253 occur at nuclear membrane, plasma membrane and in nucleus. Functionally, both OsSAP11 and OsRLCK253 could improve the water-deficit and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants via a signaling pathway affecting the expression of several common endogenous genes. •Components of a novel stress-responsive pathway have been identified. Their stress-inducible expression provided the protection against yield loss in transgenic plants, indicating the agronomic relevance of OsSAP11 and OsRLCK253 in conferring abiotic stress tolerance.
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    Protein phosphatase complement in rice: genome-wide identification and transcriptional analysis under abiotic stress conditions and reproductive development
    (BioMed Central, 2010) Singh, Amarjeet; Giri, Jitender; Kapoor, Sanjay; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.; Pandey, Girdhar K.
    Protein phosphatases are the key components of a number of signaling pathways where they modulate various cellular responses. In plants, protein phosphatases constitute a large gene family and are reportedly involved in the regulation of abiotic stress responses and plant development. Recently, the whole complement of protein phosphatases has been identified in Arabidopsis genome. While PP2C class of serine/threonine phosphatases has been explored in rice, the whole complement of this gene family is yet to be reported.