Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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    Method for the dissection of genomic loci associated with chickpea root penetration traits in compact soil
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2026) Ganotra, Jahanvi; Pandey, Mandavi; Donde, Ravindra; Giri, Jitender
    Mechanical impedance in agricultural land is a significant constraint in modern agriculture. It dramatically affects seed germination, plant growth, development, and grain yield. Soil compaction hinders root growth and the ability to access deeper nutrients and water resources, impacting climate resilience, crop productivity, and global food security. Crops display variations in root system architecture (RSA) traits when grown in compacted soils. We can better understand the mechanisms behind soil compaction by examining root-related traits and their associated genes. Our recently published study investigated RSA traits across different soil compaction levels and identified significant genomic associations in chickpeas. We developed reliable methods for creating soils with varying bulk densities (i.e., compaction levels), growing chickpea seedlings, and harvesting the roots. We also conducted high-throughput phenotyping and screening of root-related traits using winRHIZO software. By integrating these phenotypic data with available genotypic data through Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), we could identify genetic loci influencing root penetration in response to increasing soil compaction. These methods will help us identify key architectural traits of roots that can be targeted in crop breeding efforts to enhance resilience and productivity in compacted soils. By improving the root system and understanding the genes involved, we aim to develop plants more responsive to root penetration.
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    Monogalactosyl Diacylglycerol Synthase 3 affects phosphate utilization and acquisition in rice
    (Oxford University Press, 2022) Verma, Lokesh; Bhadouria, Jyoti; Rupam, Bhunia Kumar; Singh, Shweta; Panchal, Poonam; Bhatia, Chitra; Eastmond, Peter J; Giri, Jitender
    Galactolipids are essential for compensating for the loss of phospholipids by “membrane lipid remodeling” in plants under phosphorus (P) deficiency. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) synthases catalyze the synthesis of MGDG which is further converted into digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), later replacing phospholipids in the extraplastidial membranes. However, the roles of these enzymes are not well explored in rice. In this study, the rice MGDG synthase gene, OsMGD3 was identified and functionally characterized. We showed that plant phosphate (Pi) status and transcription factor OsPHR2 are involved in the transcriptional regulation of OsMGD3. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout (KO) and overexpression (OE) lines of OsMGD3 were generated to explore its potential role in rice adaptation to Pi deficiency. Compared to WT, OsMGD3 KO lines displayed a reduction while OE lines showed an enhanced, Pi acquisition and utilization. Further, OsMGD3 showed a predominant role in roots, altering lateral root growth. Our comprehensive lipidomic analysis revealed the role of OsMGD3 in membrane lipid remodeling in addition to a role in regulating diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid levels that affected the expression of Pi transporters. Our study highlights the role of OsMGD3 in affecting both internal P utilization and P acquisition in rice.