Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Author: search.filters.author.Fernie, Alisdair RSubject: search.filters.subject.nitric oxide

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    Nitric oxide regulation of plant metabolism
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis; Kaladhar, Vemula Chandra; Fitzpatrick, Teresa B; Fernie, Alisdair R; Møller, Ian Max; Loake, Gary J
    Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important signal molecule in plants, having myriad roles in plant development. In addition, NO also orchestrates both biotic and abiotic stress responses, during which intensive cellular metabolic reprogramming occurs. Integral to these response is the location of NO biosynthetic and scavenging pathways in diverse cellular compartments, enabling plants to effectively organize signal transduction pathways. NO regulates plant metabolism and in turn, metabolic pathways reciprocally regulate NO accumulation and function. Thus, these diverse cellular processes are inextricably linked. This review addresses the numerous redox pathways, located in the various subcellular compartments, which produce NO, in addition to the mechanisms underpinning NO scavenging. We focus on how this molecular dance is integrated into the metabolic state of the cell. Within this context, a reciprocal relationship between NO accumulation and metabolite production is often apparent. We additionally showcase cellular pathways including those associated with nitrate reduction that provide evidence for this integration of NO function and metabolism. Finally, we discuss the potential importance of the biochemical reactions governing NO levels in determining plant responses to a changing environment.
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    Interaction of nitric oxide with the components of plant mitochondrial electron transport chain
    (Oxford University Press, 2018) Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis; Kumari, Aprajita; Florez-Sarasa, Igor; Fernie, Alisdair R; Igamberdiev, Abir U
    Mitochondria are not only major sites for energy production but also participate in several alternative functions, among these generation of nitric oxide (NO) and its different impacts on this organelle is increasing attention. The inner mitochondrial membrane contains the chain of protein complexes, and electron transfer via oxidation of various organic acids and reducing equivalents leads to generation of proton gradient that results in energy production. Recent evidence suggests that these complexes are sources and targets for NO. Complex I and rotenone-insensitive NAD(P)H dehydrogenases regulate hypoxic NO production, while complex I also participates in the formation of supercomplex with complex III under hypoxia. Complex II is a target for NO which by inhibiting Fe-S centres regulates ROS generation, and complex III is one of the major sites for NO production and the produced NO participates in the phytoglobin-NO cycle that leads to the maintenance of redox level and limited energy production under hypoxia. Expression of the alternative oxidase (AOX) is induced by NO under various stress conditions, and evidence exists that AOX can regulate mitochondrial NO production. Complex IV is another major site for NO production which can also be linked to ATP generation via the phytoglobin-NO cycle. Inhibition of complex IV by NO can prevent oxygen depletion at the frontier of anoxia. The NO production and action on various complexes play a major role in NO signalling and energy metabolism.