Publications of NIPGR Scientists

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Author: search.filters.author.Chakraborty, NiranjanSubject: search.filters.subject.Thermotolerance

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    Nuclear proteome reprogramming and acquired thermotolerance in chickpea exposed to escalating high-temperature stress
    (Elsevier B.V., 2026) Pareek, Akanksha; Wardhan, Vijay; Mishra, Divya; Rathi, Divya; Khan, Iqra Nafees; Subba, Pratigya; Saxena, Harshita; Jeevaraj, Theboral; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    Global chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production amounted to ∼17.55 MMT during 2024-2025, whose market size is valued at ∼$16.83 billion. Chickpea is highly susceptible to high-temperature stress (HTS), and its yield declines 10-15% with the rise in each degree of temperature. In this study, the HTS-responsive nuclear proteome of a thermotolerant chickpea cultivar ICC 1205 was investigated, leading to the identification of 2705 proteins, including 424 differentially regulated proteins designated as HTS-responsive (HRPs). Of these, 212 were shared between immediate (day-1) and later (day-4) stages of HTS, with 117 proteins specific to day-1 and 95 to day-4. Functional network analysis revealed a complex network of nuclear proteins involved in regulatory and stress-related functions. Detailed analysis of the proteome revealed several non-canonical proteins, suggesting HTS-responsive reprograming of the nuclear proteome landscape. The cross-species multiple abiotic stress responses recognized unique HRPs, reflecting genetic foundation that leads to crop adaptation. Comparison of protein and mRNA expression shed light on the intricate regulatory mechanisms of thermotolerance response in chickpea. The characterization of root-phototropism 2 protein (CaRPT2), a member of the NPH3 gene-family, showed significant regulations, particularly under dehydration stress and ABA treatments. Subcellular localization of CaRPT2 demonstrated its dual localization in both plasma membrane and nucleus. Analysis of physiological indices in atrpt2 loss-of function mutants in Arabidopsis demonstrated better germination rate, resilience and growth under progressive HTS, suggesting the putative role of RPT2 in regulating multiple stress-responsive genes.
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    High temperature stress responses and wheat: Impacts and alleviation strategies
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Mishra, Divya; Shekhar, Shubhendu; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    Over the past century, the average surface temperature and recurrent heatwaves have been steadily rising, affecting the yield potential of most food crops including bread wheat, the second most important caloric source, but is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of elevated temperatures. Significantly, the past decade has witnessed tremendous advancements in multiomics approaches to extract the key regulators that influence the adaptive responses to high temperature stress (HTS). With the help of genetic engineering technologies, transgenic wheat plants have been developed showing resistance to HTS without hampering productivity. In this review, we described the effect of rising temperature at a global scale and the drastic impacts on crops, particularly on wheat production. Also, this review is focused on accomplishing a deeper understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of HTS responses of crop plants, wheat in particular along with current strategies and technologies to generate thermotolerant varieties. Collective strategy and identified thresholds of HTS tolerance and susceptibility will contribute to the value-added modelling of wheat growth and yield under predictable future climate conditions.
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    Wheat 2-Cys peroxiredoxin plays a dual role in chlorophyll biosynthesis and adaptation to high temperature
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2021) Mishra, Divya; Shekhar, Shubhendu; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    The molecular mechanism of high temperature stress (HTS) response, in plants, has so far been investigated using transcriptomics, while the dynamics of HTS‐responsive proteome remain unexplored. We examined the adaptive responses of the resilient wheat cultivar ‘Unnat Halna’ and dissected the HTS‐responsive proteome landscape. This led to the identification of 55 HTS‐responsive proteins (HRPs), which are predominantly involved in metabolism and defense pathways. Interestingly, HRPs included a 2‐cysteine peroxiredoxin (2CP), designated Ta2CP, presumably involved in stress perception and adaptation. Complementation of Ta2CP in yeast and heterologous expression in Arabidopsis demonstrated its role in thermotolerance. Both Ta2CP silencing and overexpression inferred the involvement of Ta2CP in plant growth and chlorophyll biosynthesis. We demonstrated that Ta2CP interacts with protochlorophyllide reductase b, TaPORB. Reduced TaPORB expression was found in Ta2cp‐silenced plants, while upregulation was observed in Ta2CP‐overexpressed plants. Furthermore, the downregulation of Ta2CP in Taporb‐silenced plants and reduction of protochlorophyllide in Ta2cp‐silenced plants suggested the key role of Ta2CP in chlorophyll metabolism. Additionally, the transcript levels of AGPase1 and starch were increased in Ta2cp‐silenced plants. More significantly, HTS‐treated Ta2cp‐silenced plants showed adaptive responses despite increased reactive oxygen species and peroxide concentrations, which might help in rapid induction of high‐temperature acclimation.
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    Physiological plasticity to high temperature stress in chickpea: Adaptive responses and variable tolerance
    (Elsevier B.V., 2019) Pareek, Akanksha; Rathi, Divya; Mishra, Divya; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    High temperature stress (HTS) is one of the most crucial factors that limits plant growth and development, and reduces crop yields worldwide. Cool-season crops, particularly the legumes, are severely affected by increasing ambient temperature associated with global climate change. We characterized the HTS-induced modulations of morpho-physicochemical traits and gene expression of several chickpea genotypes and the metabolic profile of the tolerant cultivar. Higher water use efficiency and photosynthetic capacity, minimal membrane lipid peroxidation in conjunction with increased abundance of osmolytes and secondary metabolites depicted thermotolerance of ICC 1205. The adaptive responses were accompanied by high transcript abundance of heat shock proteins and antioxidant enzymes. To integrate stress-responsive signalling and metabolic networks, the HTS-induced physicochemical analysis was further extended to metabolite profiling of the thermotolerant cultivar. The screening of the metabolome landscape led to the identification of 49 HTS-responsive metabolites that include polycarboxylic acid, sugar acids, sugar alcohols and amino acids which might confer thermotolerance in chickpea. The present study, to our knowledge, is the most comprehensive of its kind in dissecting cultivar-specific differential adaptive responses to HTS in chickpea, which might potentiate the identification of genetic traits extendible to improvement of thermotolerance of crops.
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    Cultivar-specific high temperature stress responses in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) associated with physicochemical traits and defense pathways
    (Elsevier B.V., 2017) Mishra, Divya; Shekhar, Shubhendu; Agrawal, Lalit; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    The increasing global temperature by 1°C is estimated to reduce the harvest index in a crop by 6%, and this would certainly have negative impact on overall plant metabolism. Wheat is one of the most important crops with global annual production of over 600million tonnes. We investigated an array of physicochemical and molecular indexes to unravel differential response of nine commercial wheat cultivars to high temperature stress (HTS). The reduced rate in relative water content, higher membrane stability, slow chlorophyll degradation and increased accumulation of proline and secondary metabolites ingrained higher thermotolerance in cv. Unnat Halna, among others. The altered expression of several stress-responsive genes, particularly the genes associated with photosynthesis, heat shock proteins and antioxidants impinge on the complexity of HTS-induced responses over different genetic backgrounds and connectivity of adaptive mechanisms. This may facilitate the targeted manipulation of metabolic routes in crops for agricultural and industrial exploitation.