Institutional Publications

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    Biotechnological strategies to generate climate-smart crops: Recent advances and way forward
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2023) Maurya, Jyoti; Singh, Roshan Kumar; Prasad, Manoj
    Industrialization and other man-made actions caused accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmospheric troposphere layer, leading to enhanced greenhouse effect and hike in average global temperature in response. This led to unpredicted and frequent occurrences of rainfall, droughts, floods, and other climatic events. Changing climate has imposed direct abiotic stresses leading severe threat to global crop production either directly (morpho-physio-chemical effects) or indirectly (socioeconomic effects) and caused food insecurity worldwide. Moreover, these climate change effects are predicted to become more severe in the future. So, to ensure the global food security, development of climate-smart crops is an urgent need. Biotechnology-based approaches have paved the way to understand the role of different genes and their applications to achieve climate change induced stress tolerance and developed crops for sustainable agriculture in the present scenario. Keeping this in mind, the present book chapter briefs about the effect of climate change on crop growth, development, and yield, as well as plant responses and adaptations during changing environments. This chapter also discusses different strategies implied to combat the climate change and highlights the integrative-omics based approach and biotechnological strategies, as well as their advancements toward generating the climate-smart crops.
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    Advances in omics technology for improving crop yield and stress resilience
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2021) Singh, Roshan Kumar; Sood, Priyanka; Prasad, Ashish; Prasad, Manoj
    Global climate change has emerged as the utmost environmental threat for agriculture. To maintain a sustainable food supply, climate-resilient high-yielding crop plants need to be developed. Over the last decade, understanding the complexity of genotype underlying agronomic traits has prompted the integrated application of various omics tools to address specific biological questions. A multi-parallel qualitative and quantitative differential analysis of gene transcripts, proteins and metabolites provides a comprehensive picture of the interconnected gene networks and cellular signalling cascade of regulatory and effector proteins. Genetic determinants of adaptation to environmental stress and yield enhancement traits are being determined and introgressed into elite accessions through either molecular breeding or genetic engineering approaches to obtain future crops with improved traits.
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    Plant organellar proteomics in response to dehydration: Turning protein repertoire into insights
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2016) Gupta, Deepti B.; Rai, Yogita; Gayali, Saurabh; Chakraborty, Subhra; Chakraborty, Niranjan
    Stress adaptation or tolerance in plants is a complex phenomenon involving changes in physiological and metabolic processes. Plants must develop elaborate networks of defense mechanisms, and adapt to and survive for sustainable agriculture. Water-deficit or dehydration is the most critical environmental factor that plants are exposed to during their life cycle, which influences geographical distribution and productivity of many crop species. The cellular responses to dehydration are orchestrated by a series of multidirectional relays of biochemical events at organelle level. The new challenge is to dissect the underlying mechanisms controlling the perception of stress signals and their transmission to cellular machinery for activation of adaptive responses. The completeness of current descriptions of spatial distribution of proteins, the relevance of subcellular locations in diverse functional processes, and the changes of protein abundance in response to dehydration hold the key to understanding how plants cope with such stress conditions. During past decades, organellar proteomics has proved to be useful not only for deciphering reprograming of plant responses to dehydration, but also to dissect stress-responsive pathways. This review summarizes a range of organellar proteomics investigations under dehydration to gain a holistic view of plant responses to water-deficit conditions, which may facilitate future efforts to develop genetically engineered crops for better adaptation.