Institutional Publications

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Hormone

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    Unearthing the secrets of drought-driven root system architecture: Nutrient acquisition and rhizosphere microbe interplay
    (Elsevier B.V., 2026) Nayak, Jagatjeet; Chattopadhyay, Debasis; Giri, Mrunmay Kumar; Singh, Nidhi
    Drought, a climatic occurrence that cyclically affects all climatic regions, is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. This phenomenon inflicts physiological harm upon plants within ecosystems and agroecosystems. Apart from the direct scarcity of water, which severely impairs plant development and productivity, there can be consequential issues related to mineral nutrition. These secondary effects can arise and further impact plant development. Amidst drought conditions, roots play a critical role in shaping the growth and development of plants. During these circumstances, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing critical responses and interactions between plant roots and their surrounding rhizosphere is less comprehensive in comparison to other studies with well-characterized model species like Arabidopsis. This article examines the molecular mechanisms governing the adaptability of root system architecture (RSA) to drought stress in plants. It also explores how soil nutrients and microorganisms are regulated in response to these adaptive processes. We first give a general description of how plant hormones control RSA under water-scarce conditions. Additionally, we explore how nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, affect the developmental responses of RSA to low water status. Additionally, this article delves into the existing understanding of the interactions between RSA and soil microbial niches under drought. Based on these understandings, our conclusion emphasizes that to achieve a more comprehensive grasp of the mechanisms underlying drought adaptation in plant roots, future research should adopt a holistic network perspective.
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    Deletion of the PtrDJ1C gene leads to increased branching in poplar
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Du, Jingxia; Shao, Chunxue; Wang, Dong; Feng, Zizhuo; Cui, Chuwen; Li, Ruili; Jewaria, Pawan Kumar; Wang, Xuanyi; Xiao, Jianwei; Wang, Xinwei
    The PtrDJ1C gene is essential for poplar growth and early chloroplast development. Disruption of PtrDJ1C expression results in an albino leaf phenotype and increased branching. However, the underlying mechanism for the increased branching remains unknown. In this study, we employed integrated approaches to investigate the function of PtrDJ1C in the branch-increasing phenotype. Our results revealed that levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA) were significantly reduced in ptrdj1c mutants, while cytokinin (CK) levels were slightly increased. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses identified several key genes and proteins involved in hormone regulation and branching development that were differentially expressed. Specifically, the expression levels of TAA, ZEP, and GA20ox—genes involved in IAA, GA, and ABA biosynthesis—were significantly reduced in ptrdj1c, while IPT and LOG, which regulate CK synthesis, were upregulated. Moreover, immunoblot analysis further validated reduced levels of key biosynthetic enzymes for IAA, GA, and ABA, alongside increased levels of IPT and LOG enzymes. Interestingly, our findings suggest that hormone signaling pathways act in concert with the transcription factor WUSCHEL (WUS) to synergistically promote branching development. These results provide novel insight into the regulatory role of PtrDJ1C in hormone balance and its downstream effects on poplar branching.
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    Genome-wide identification, structure analysis and expression profiling of phospholipases D under hormone and abiotic stress treatment in chickpea (Cicer arietinum)
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Sagar, Sushma; Deepika; Biswas, Dipul Kumar; Chandrasekar, Ramsankar; Singh, Amarjeet
    Phospholipases D (PLDs) are phospholipid hydrolyzing enzymes and crucial components of lipid signaling in plants. PLDs are implicated in stress responses in different plants however, characterization of PLDs in chickpea is missing. Here, we identify 13 PLD genes in the chickpea genome. PLD family could be divided into α, β, δ, ε and ζ isoforms based on sequence and structure. Protein remodeling described that chickpea PLDs are composed of defined arrangements of α-helix, β-sheets and short loops. Phylogenetic analysis suggested evolutionary conservation of chickpea PLD family with dicots. In-planta subcellular localization showed the plasma membrane localization of chickpea PLDs. All PLD promoters had hormone and stress related cis-regulatory elements, which suggested overlapping function of PLDs in hormone and abiotic stress signaling. The qRT-PCR expression analysis revealed that most PLD genes are differentially expressed in multiple abiotic stresses (drought, salt and cold stress). Moreover, several PLD genes had overlapping expression in abiotic stress and ABA and JA treatment. These observations indicate the involvement of PLD gene family in cross-talk of phytohormone and abiotic stress signaling in chickpea. Thus, present study opens new avenues of utilizing PLD related information for understanding hormone-regulated abiotic stress signaling in legume crops.
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    Uncovering the molecular signature underlying the light intensity-dependent root development in Arabidopsis thaliana
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2019) Kumari, Sony; Yadav, Sandeep; Patra, Debadutta; Singh, Sharmila; Sarkar, Ananda K.; Panigrahi, Kishore C. S.
    Background Root morphology is known to be affected by light quality, quantity and direction. Light signal is perceived at the shoot, translocated to roots through vasculature and further modulates the root development. Photoreceptors are differentially expressed in both shoot and root cells. The light irradiation to the root affects shoot morphology as well as whole plant development. The current work aims to understand the white light intensity dependent changes in root patterning and correlate that with the global gene expression profile. Results Different fluence of white light (WL) regulate overall root development via modulating the expression of a specific set of genes. Phytochrome A deficient Arabidopsis thaliana (phyA-211) showed shorter primary root compared to phytochrome B deficient (phyB-9) and wild type (WT) seedlings at a lower light intensity. However, at higher intensity, both mutants showed shorter primary root in comparison to WT. The lateral root number was observed to be lowest in phyA-211 at intensities of 38 and 75 μmol m − 2 s − 1. The number of adventitious roots was significantly lower in phyA-211 as compared to WT and phyB-9 under all light intensities tested. With the root phenotypic data, microarray was performed for four different intensities of WL light in WT. Here, we identified ~ 5243 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under all light intensities. Gene ontology-based analysis indicated that different intensities of WL predominantly affect a subset of genes having catalytic activity and localized to the cytoplasm and membrane. Furthermore, when root is irradiated with different intensities of WL, several key genes involved in hormone, light signaling and clock-regulated pathways are differentially expressed. Conclusion Using genome wide microarray-based approach, we have identified candidate genes in Arabidopsis root that responded to the changes in light intensities. Alteration in expression of genes such as PIF4, COL9, EPR1, CIP1, ARF18, ARR6, SAUR9, TOC1 etc. which are involved in light, hormone and clock pathway was validated by qRT-PCR. This indicates their potential role in light intensity mediated root development.
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    Transcriptome analysis of rin mutant fruit and in silico analysis of promoters of differentially regulated genes provides insight into LeMADS-RIN-regulated ethylene-dependent as well as ethylene-independent aspects of ripening in tomato
    (Springer Science, 2012) Kumar, Rahul; Sharma, Manoj K.; Kapoor, Sanjay; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.; Sharma, Arun K.
    A thorough understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying ripening is the prerequisite for genetic manipulation of fruits for better shelf-life and nutritional quality. Mutation in LeMADS-RIN, a MADS-box gene, leads to non-ripening phenotype of rin fruits in tomato. Characterization of ripening-inhibitor (rin) mutant has elucidated important role of ethylene in the regulation of climacteric fruit ripening. A complete understanding of this mutation will unravel novel genetic regulatory mechanisms involved in fruit ripening. In this study, fruit transcriptomes of two genotypes, including a cultivated Indian cultivar Solanum lycopersicum cv. Pusa Ruby and a homozygous line harboring the rin mutation (LA1795) were compared to get better insight into RIN-regulated ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent events during ripening. Cluster analysis of ripening-related genes indicated a major shift in their expression profiles in rin mutant fruit. A total of 112 genes, exhibiting expression patterns similar to that of LeMADS-RIN in wild-type fruits, showed down regulation of expression in the rin mutant. In silico analysis of putative promoters of these genes for the presence of CArG box along with ERE and ethylene inducibility of these genes revealed that genes lacking CArG box in their regulatory regions could be indirectly regulated by LeMADS-RIN. New regulators of ethylene-dependent aspect of ripening were also identified. In this study, we have made an attempt to distinguish between ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent aspects of ripening, which will be useful for developing strategies to improve fruit-related agronomic traits in tomato and other crops.