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    Tolerance of Oryza sativa to low phosphate is associated with adaptive changes in root architecture and metabolic exudates
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Srivastava, Akanksha; Gupta, Amber; Bishi, Sujit K.; Akhila, Pole; Latha, P.C.; Subrahmanyam, D.; Brajendra, P.; Anantha, M.S.; Ch, Suvarna Rani; Sakhare, Akshay S.; Bhadana, Vijai Pal; Giri, Jitender; Neeraja, C.N.; Sundaram, R.M.; Mangrauthia, Satendra K.
    The optimum usage of fertilizers is key for the sustainable agriculture. Among nutrients, phosphorus (P) is critical for plant growth and development. Due to complete reliance on natural resources (rock phosphate) for P, the availability of P fertilizers is emerging as a global challenge for crop cultivation. Moreover, the excess application of P fertilizers in rice, mostly grown under flooded conditions, leads to water pollution called eutrophication. In this study, we employed a mutagenesis approach for developing and characterizing rice EMS (ethyl meth anesulfonate) mutants with better adaptation to low soil P conditions. One such mutant of rice cultivar Nagina 22, named NH4824, was characterized comprehensively at seedling and reproductive growth stages under hy droponic and field conditions. The mutant exhibits low soil P tolerance due to combined adaptive changes in root system architecture, anatomy, organic acid exudates, plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity, induced expression of P transporter genes, and efficient mobilization and partitioning of P in different plant tissues. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and better photosynthesis suggested relatively less stress experienced by NH4824 than N22 under low soil P conditions. These insights are highly useful to develop P use efficient crop cultivars through breeding or genome editing approaches.
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    Identification of miRNA-mediated drought responsive multi-tiered regulatory network in drought tolerant rice, Nagina 22
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2017) Balyan, Sonia; Kumar, Mukesh; Mutum, Roseeta Devi; Raghuvanshi, Utkarsh; Agarwal, Priyanka; Mathur, Saloni; Raghuvanshi, Saurabh
    Comparative characterization of microRNA-mediated stress regulatory networks in contrasting rice cultivars is critical to decipher plant stress response. Consequently, a multi-level comparative analysis, using sRNA sequencing, degradome analysis, enzymatic and metabolite assays and metal ion analysis, in drought tolerant and sensitive rice cultivars was conducted. The study identified a group of miRNAs "Cultivar-specific drought responsive" (CSDR)-miRNAs (osa-miR159f, osa-miR1871, osa-miR398b, osa-miR408-3p, osa-miR2878-5p, osa-miR528-5p and osa-miR397a) that were up-regulated in the flag-leaves of tolerant cultivar, Nagina 22 (N22) and Vandana, but down-regulated in the sensitive cultivar, Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1) and IR64, during drought. Interestingly, CSDR-miRNAs target several copper-protein coding transcripts like plantacyanins, laccases and Copper/Zinc superoxide dismutases (Cu/Zn SODs) and are themselves found to be similarly induced under simulated copper-starvation in both N22 and PB1. Transcription factor OsSPL9, implicated in Cu-homeostasis also interacted with osa-miR408-3p and osa-miR528-5p promoters. Further, N22 flag leaves showed lower SOD activity, accumulated ROS and had a higher stomata closure. Interestingly, compared to PB1, internal Cu levels significantly decreased in the N22 flag-leaves, during drought. Thus, the study identifies the unique drought mediated dynamism and interplay of Cu and ROS homeostasis, in the flag leaves of drought tolerant rice, wherein CSDR-miRNAs play a pivotal role.