Institutional Publications

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    Deciphering the regulation of transporters and mitogen-activated protein kinase in arsenic and iron exposed rice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Panthri, Medha; Saini, Himanshu; Banerjee, Gopal; Bhatia, Priyanka; Verma, Neetu; Sinha, Alok Krishna; Gupta, Meetu
    This study investigates the influence of arsenic (As) and iron (Fe) on the molecular aspects of rice plants. The mRNA-abundance of As (OsLsi, OsPHT, OsNRAMP1, OsABCC1) and Fe (OsIRT, OsNRAMP1, OsYSL, OsFRDL1, OsVIT2, OsSAMS1, OsNAS, OsNAAT1, OsDMAS1, OsTOM1, OsFER) related genes has been observed in 12-d old As and Fe impacted rice varieties. Analyses of phytosiderophores synthesis and Fe-uptake genes affirm the existence of specialized Fe-uptake strategies in rice with varieties PB-1 and Varsha favouring strategy I and II, respectively. Expression of OsNAS3, OsVIT2, OsFER and OsABCC1 indicated PB-1′s tolerance towards Fe and As. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade members (OsMKK3, OsMKK4, OsMKK6, OsMPK3, OsMPK4, OsMPK7, and OsMPK14) revealed their importance in the fine adjustment of As/Fe in the rice system. A conditional network map was generated based on the gene expression pattern that unfolded the differential dynamics of both rice varieties. The mating based split ubiquitin system determined the interaction of OsIRT1 with OsMPK3, and OsLsi1 with both OsMPK3 and OsMPK4. In-silico tools also confirmed the binding affinities of OsARM1 with OsLsi1, OsMPK3 and OsMPK4, and of OsIDEF1/OsIRO2 with OsIRT1 and OsMPK3, supporting our hypothesis that OsARM1, OsIDEF1, OsIRO2 were active in the connections discovered by mbSUS.
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    Plant growth coordination during stress conditions: Role of phytohormones
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Gupta, Shreya; Devi, Loitongbam Lorinda; Singh, Amar Pal
    Plants encounter multiple stresses which are associated with compromised plant growth and yield across the globe. Several studies have been done in the past few years to understand plant acclimatization under numerous stresses like nutrient deficiency, drought, salinity, temperature, and pathogen attack. The shoot and root system architecture in plants seems a promising approach as it is highly sensitive to edaphic and internal signals and plants adapt by modulating them to these stresses. Intrinsic factors such as growth hormones are the key components of the plant whose levels and signaling determine the extent of plant growth and performance. The major phytohormones that are involved in monitoring plant development for optimized plant growth during environmental stresses are auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinin, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, gibberellins, and ethylene. In recent years, detailed genetic and biochemical analysis of the signaling and biosynthesis genes and transcription factors of these hormones have been studied from the model plant Arabidopsis to different crops. Genetic studies have shown that these hormones regulate several biological processes of root and shoot growth including cell elongation, division and differentiation, root hair and lateral root formation, and floral and leaf morphology in response to altered environmental conditions. In this chapter, the current understanding of both above- and below-ground plant organs and their developmental plasticity during stress conditions along with the interplay of growth hormones has been summarized and discussed.
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    CLAVATA signaling pathway receptors modulate developmental traits and stress responses in crops
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Basu, Udita; Parida, Swarup K.
    The CLAVATA signaling pathway is one of the most important signaling components in the plant system. The CLE peptides and their receptors play crucial roles in various aspects of plant development and stress responses. The most common receptor types of this signaling system include the leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-receptor-like kinases like the CLAVATA1, BAM receptors, RPK2, and CIKs and the LRR-RLPs like the CLV2 and its coreceptors. The most notable role of the CLAVATA receptors is in meristematic cell maintenance in root and shoot. Their role is well studied in legumes for autoregulation of nodulation and a similar role has been observed in mycorrhizal symbiotic relation establishment and regulation. The CLAVATA receptors are also involved in both biotic and abiotic stress perception and responses in crops. The signaling pathway and its receptors have enormous potential for utilization in crop improvement endeavors. Understanding their role in signal regulation will help in developing better-performing customized crops.
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    Potassium (K+) transporters in plants: Regulation and functional role in K+ uptake and homeostasis
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Ankit; Singh, Amarjeet
    Potassium (K+) is an essential macronutrient for plants and plays an important role in various cellular processes in plants. K+ transporters and channels are responsible for K+ uptake, translocation, as well as maintaining its homeostasis in plants. Other than transportation, these K+ transporters and channels are involved in other physiological processes. Several studies have shown differential expression for K+ transporter genes under abiotic stresses, such as salinity and drought. Plants can sense K+ deficiency through different mechanisms. K+ transporters and channels activity have been regulated by transcriptional as well as post–transcriptional modifications. This chapter discusses various K+ transporters and channels, their function, regulation at different levels, and their role in biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants.