Institutional Publications

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Start date: 2023Subject: search.filters.subject.Transgenic

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    Cross-species expression of OsDJ-1C from rice enhances tolerance to salinity and drought stress in tomato
    (Elsevier B.V., 2026) Mishra, Manjari; Chatterjee, Yajnaseni; Gupta, Brijesh Kumar; Tomar, Surabhi; Babuta, Priyanka; Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis; Pareek, Ashwani; Singla-Pareek, Sneh Lata
    Abiotic stresses such as salinity and drought induce the accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG), a highly cytotoxic dicarbonyl compound that disrupts cellular metabolism in plants. MG detoxification is primarily mediated by the glutathione-dependent glyoxalase pathway, classically comprising the enzymes glyoxalase I and II. In contrast, glyoxalase III (GLYIII) catalyzes detoxification of MG in a single-step without requiring glutathione. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of OsDJ-1C, a rice GLYIII enzyme, by heterologous overexpression in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Transgenic lines exhibited significantly enhanced stress tolerance through a more efficient antioxidant defense mechanism under stress conditions. This improvement was driven by increased GLYIII-mediated detoxification of MG, leading to effective suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Reduced ROS levels in the overexpression lines resulted in greater internal oxygen availability and enhanced cellular respiration than wild-type plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants maintained higher pyruvate levels than the wild-type controls, thereby sustaining tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux and ATP production under stress. Overall, these findings reveal a conserved, cross-species function of OsDJ-1C in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance emphasizing its relevance for improving agricultural sustainability and food security under changing climatic conditions.
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    Heterologous expression of Chlorophytum borivilianum Squalene epoxidase in tobacco modulates stigmasterol production and alters vegetative and reproductive growth
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2023) Kaushal, Nishant; Verma, Deepika; Alok, Anshu; Pandey, Ashutosh; Singh, Kashmir
    Chlorophytum borivilianum is a high-value medicinal plant with many promising preclinical applications that include saponins as a major active ingredient. Squalene epoxidase (SE) is one of the major rate-limiting enzymes of the saponin biosynthetic pathway. Here, we functionally characterized C. borivilianum SE (CbSE) by over-expressing heterologously in Nicotiana tabacum. The heterologous expression of CbSE resulted in stunted pant growth with altered leaf and flower morphology. Next, RT-qPCR analysis of transgenic plants overexpressing CbSE revealed increased expression levels of Cycloartenol synthase (CAS), Beta amyrin synthase (βAS), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 51 (CYP51) (Cytochrome P450), which encode key enzymes for triterpenoid and phytosterol biosynthesis in C. borivilianum. Further, Methyl Jasmonate (MeJa) treatment upregulated Squalene synthase (SQS), SE, and Oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) to a significant level. GC–MS analysis of the leaf and hairy roots of the transformants showed an increased stigmasterol content (0.5–1.0 fold) compared to wild type (WT) plants. These results indicate that CbSE is a rate-limiting gene, which encodes an efficient enzyme responsible for phytosterol and triterpenoid production in C. borivilianum.