Institutional Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Singh, DhritiStart date: 2020

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    Sweet shaping of root system architecture under water deficit
    (Oxford University Press, 2026) Singh, Dhriti; Awasthi, Prakhar; Sharma, Aishwarye; Samtani, Harsha; Shukla, Brihaspati Narayana; Laxmi, Ashverya
    Root growth direction under water-deficit conditions is critical for plant survival. Increasing agar concentration in the growth medium simulates stress conditions, limiting water availability. Our study highlights the role of glucose (Glc) in orchestrating the root growth deviation in Arabidopsis under stress conditions. We demonstrate that Glc-TOR signaling plays a central role in modulating root growth direction under stress conditions. Conversely, cytokinin (CK) signaling reduces root deviation during water deficit. We further show that Glc downregulates CK signaling under water-deficit conditions, while CK negatively influences Glc–TOR activity. The interplay between Glc-TOR and CK signaling pathways fine-tunes root orientation by modulating auxin transport and signaling. Collectively, our findings show that in Arabidopsis, Glc-induced changes in root architecture are mediated through its antagonistic interaction with CK signaling, contributing to enhanced root plasticity and improved adaptation to water-limited conditions.
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    Cross-talk between brassinosteroids and other phytohormones: biological functions and molecular mechanism
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Gupta, Aditi; Singh, Manjul; Singh, Dhriti; Laxmi, Ashverya
    To maintain optimal growth and survival, plants balance complex developmental processes while simultaneously sensing and responding to both endogenous physiological factors and changes in their surroundings. Phytohormones are an important class of compounds, which regulate various aspects of plant development and responses to adverse environmental conditions. With the signaling pathways well worked out for most of the hormones, it is evident that these signaling pathways interact in a complex network to coordinate such processes. Besides the five established classical groups of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs) have emerged as prominent phytohormones in recent times. BRs are not only strong modulators of cellular division, cellular elongation, and cellular differentiation across plant tissues but also they make a significant contribution in improving adaptation to various stresses. This chapter summarizes mechanisms regulating production, homeostasis, signaling of BR and their interconnections with different plant hormones to control plant growth and adaptation.
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    Balancing growth and defense: Role of target of rapamycin and SNF1-related protein kinase 1 in stress signaling in plants
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2021) Sharma, Mohan; Jamsheer, K. Muhammed; Saksena, Harshita B.; Jindal, Sunita; Sharma, Manvi; Singh, Dhriti; Tiwari, Archna; Awasthi, Prakhar; Laxmi, Ashverya
    Plants have to maintain the growth and at the same time need to be vigilant about the imminent threat such as pathogen attack and unfavorable growth conditions. It is been observed that the energy status of the plant is an important determinant of the response to stress factors. The Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) and SNF1-Related Protein Kinase 1 (SnRK1) are serine/threonine kinases that originated early in the eukaryotic evolution, work as energy gauges in all eukaryotic lineages. During favorable growth conditions, the nutrient abundance activates TOR, which promotes growth through activation of general protein translation and cell cycle progression. The stress conditions can severely limit energy production, which can activate SnRK1 signaling. By inhibiting TOR kinase and through other effector proteins, the SnRK1 pathway enables the plants to survive in unfavorable growth conditions. The past decade opened a floodgate of studies regarding TOR and SnRK1 interaction regulating growth-defense trade-offs and stress mitigation. This also opened avenues for the utilization of these pathways for crop improvement. This chapter will succinctly summarize the current knowledge in this field and discuss the future direction of research.
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    Understanding the intricate web of phytohormone signalling in modulating root system architecture
    (MDPI AG, 2021) Sharma, Manvi; Singh, Dhriti; Saksena, Harshita B.; Sharma, Mohan; Tiwari, Archna; Awasthi, Prakhar; Botta, Halidev Krishna; Shukla, Brihaspati Narayan; Laxmi, Ashverya
    Root system architecture (RSA) is an important developmental and agronomic trait that is regulated by various physical factors such as nutrients, water, microbes, gravity, and soil compaction as well as hormone-mediated pathways. Phytohormones act as internal mediators between soil and RSA to influence various events of root development, starting from organogenesis to the formation of higher order lateral roots (LRs) through diverse mechanisms. Apart from interaction with the external cues, root development also relies on the complex web of interaction among phytohormones to exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects to improve crop performance. However, there are considerable gaps in understanding the interaction of these hormonal networks during various aspects of root development. In this review, we elucidate the role of different hormones to modulate a common phenotypic output, such as RSA in Arabidopsis and crop plants, and discuss future perspectives to channel vast information on root development to modulate RSA components.
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    The versatile role of glucose signalling in regulating growth, development and stress responses in plants
    (Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2020) Saksena, Harshita B.; Sharma, Manvi; Singh, Dhriti; Laxmi, Ashverya
    Sugars as an energy source and a signalling molecule are indispensible for growth, development and stress responses in plants. Among sugars, glucose (Glc) has been identified to perform a key role in regulating various cellular and developmental processes in plants. This comprehensive review highlights the crosstalk of glucose signalling with auxin, cytokinin and brassinosteroid signalling in controlling several aspects of plant development including root growth deviation, root waving and coiling, lateral root emergence, hypocotyl elongation, etc. through a Hexokinase 1 dependent and independent pathway in Arabidopsis. It also provides an insight on the role of Glc-mediated target of rapamycin signalling in modulating various abiotic stresses like nutrient deficiency stress, heat stress, oxidative stress etc. The review also discusses about sugar inducible FCS-Like Zinc Finger genes in modulating SNF1-related protein kinase 1 signalling to coordinate growth and stress responses in plants. Therefore, glucose signalling in concert with diverse signalling pathways and via regulating certain genes contributes to numerous cellular processes to control development and stress responses in plants.