Institutional Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Muthamilarasan, MehanathanSubject: search.filters.subject.breeding

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    Application of genomics-assisted breeding for generation of climate resilient crops: progress and prospects
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2015) Kole, Chittaranjan; Muthamilarasan, Mehanathan; Henry, Robert; Edwards, David; Sharma, Rishu; Abberton, Michael; Batley, Jacqueline; Bentley, Alison; Blakeney, Michael; Bryant, John; Cai, Hongwei; Cakir, Mehmet; Cseke, Leland J.; Cockram, James; Oliveira, Antonio Costa de; Pace, Ciro De; Dempewolf, Hannes; Ellison, Shelby; Gepts, Paul; Greenland, Andy; Hall, Anthony; Hori, Kiyosumi; Hughes, Stephen; Humphreys, Mike W.; Iorizzo, Massimo; Ismail, Abdelbagi M.; Marshall, Athole; Mayes, Sean; Nguyen, Henry T.; Ogbonnaya, Francis C.; Ortiz, Rodomiro; Paterson, Andrew H.; Simon, Philipp W.; Tohme, Joe; Tuberosa, Roberto; Valliyodan, Babu; Varshney, Rajeev K.; Wullschleger, Stan D.; Yano, Masahiro; Prasad, Manoj
    Climate change affects agricultural productivity worldwide. Increased prices of food commodities are the initial indication of drastic edible yield loss, which is expected to increase further due to global warming. This situation has compelled plant scientists to develop climate change-resilient crops, which can withstand broad-spectrum stresses such as drought, heat, cold, salinity, flood, submergence and pests, thus helping to deliver increased productivity. Genomics appears to be a promising tool for deciphering the stress responsiveness of crop species with adaptation traits or in wild relatives toward identifying underlying genes, alleles or quantitative trait loci. Molecular breeding approaches have proven helpful in enhancing the stress adaptation of crop plants, and recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and phenotyping platforms have transformed molecular breeding to genomics-assisted breeding (GAB). In view of this, the present review elaborates the progress and prospects of GAB for improving climate change resilience in crops, which is likely to play an ever increasing role in the effort to ensure global food security.
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    Barley genome sequence emerges as a promising candidate in genetic research and breeding
    (Indian Academy of Sciences, 2013) Muthamilarasan, Mehanathan; Prasad, Manoj
    Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), domesticated since 8000 BC in western Asia and Northeast Africa (Fertile Cresent), is regarded as the founder crop of Old World agriculture. Cultivated barley is derived from its wild progenitor Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch, still inhabiting the Fertile Crescent from Israel and Jordan to South Turkey, Iraqi Kurdistan, and southwestern Iran. It possesses a distinct phenotype of broader leaves, shorter stem and awns, tough ear rachis, a shorter and thicker spike, and larger grains2. Barley is the fourth largest cultivated cereal worldwide, both in terms of area harvested (1.9 m ha) and production (134 million tonnes; mt). Of its total production, 75% is used as animal feed, 20% processed into alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages and 5% is used in the making of food products which contribute about 30% of the calories consumed worldwide.