Institutional Publications
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ndkr-library.nipgr.ac.in/handle/123456789/11
Browse
16 results
Search Results
Item Transcriptomic and OsWAK24-MPK3 crosstalk reveal resistance mechanism of primed rice seedlings against Arsenic-Iron(Oxford University Press, 2026) Bhatia, Priyanka; Mittal, Lavanya; Pandey, Shubhangi; Khatoon, Narjis Saba; Sinha, Alok Krishna; Gupta, MeetuPriming, elucidated as "memory," refers to the preconditioning of plant's stress responses to enhance resilience toward future stressors, including arsenic (As) contamination. This adaptive preparedness becomes further complex under As-Fe(iron) interplay, which remains scarcely delineated within priming background. Here, we employed Illumina sequencing to acquire global transcriptome alterations and heterologous interaction approach to chart the molecular reprogramming associated with As and As-Fe-dynamics in primed rice. The transcriptome revealed 3005 and 3650 genes to be differentially regulated in As and As-Fe-exposed primed seedlings. Comprehensive elucidation of expression profiling revealed that key genes were involved in transportation (OsNramp, OsFCR, OsNAS), signalling (OsWRKY, OsMYB, OsAP2, OsZF-TF), and defence (OsHSP, OsPRX, OsCyt P450). The antioxidant (OsGST, OsAPX) expression correlated well with their respective physiological enzyme activity. The entire WAK module, transducing extracellular signals to intercellular pathways, was differentially regulated under As and As-Fe influence. Notably, OsWAK24 revealed higher expression under As-Fe, reflecting its association with seedlings' tolerance behaviour. The computational protein network and docking unfolded OsMPK3 as an interactor of OsWAK24. The split-ubiquitin-based yeast-hybrid assay and immunoblot revealed OsWAK24-OsMPK3 association, suggesting OsMPK3 phosphorylates OsWAK24 at serine residue. Overall, the results decoded the seedling's resilience mechanism and aid in developing rice varieties with desired traits.Item Anaerobic-aerobic swerve in arsenic-stressed deepwater rice genotype under submergence(John Wiley & Sons, 2025) Khan, Asna; Khatoon, Narjis Saba; Vadassery, Jyothilakshmi; Gupta, MeetuGlobal floods in arsenic (As)-stressed paddy fields affect rice productivity. Future predictions of flood-related disasters provoke an urge to opt for climate-smart varieties for a secure supply. Thus, this study is designed to present the mechanisms favoring a traditional variety Mini mansoori (M.M) to withstand the dual stress of As and submergence (Sub). The investigation involved the identification of the key attributes regulating the physio-biochemical shifts in 3- and 7-day (d) submerged plants. Our results indicated that at 3 days, gas-film (GF) decrement correlated with reduced photosynthesis and Kreb-cycle enzymes. This, in turn, stimulated anaerobic enzymes, salicylic acid, and gibberellic acid (SA-GA) production, which increased glutamate metabolism through GDH enzyme, ultimately enhancing GABA and proline production to cover the energy gap. Proline dehydrogenase enzyme at 3 days monitored the stabilized proline turnover by catabolizing proline into glutamate while releasing reducing equivalents for additional ATP generation. However, at 7 days, further enhancement in GA content led to shoot elongation. The expanded GF and new leaf emergence recovered the photosynthetic machinery, TCA functioning, sugar reserves, and GABA content via proline homeostasis. This proline metabolic balance accentuated As tolerance and Sub resistance, henceforth presenting M.M. var. as climate smart for future crop improvements.Item Nutrient use efficiency promoted hormonal crosstalk and stomatal dynamics in wheat under the co-impact of arsenic and drought(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Khatoon, Narjis Saba; Khan, Asna; Bhatia, Priyanka; Vadassery, Jyothilakshmi; Gupta, MeetuThis study presents the interlink of Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) influenced hormone and stomatal dynamics, in enhancing photosynthesis under the co-impact of drought (D) and arsenic (As) in wheat. We analyzed how nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supplementation under D+As modulates these interactions with jasmonic acid (JA) and sucrose, as central regulators. Enhanced JA by NP-enrichment reduced abscisic-acid (ABA) and salicylic-acid (SA) production to promote stomatal opening via sugar-transporter-proteins; TaSTP12, TaSTP51, and TaKAT-like1. Computational docking confirms strong interaction between JA, TaMYB84 and TaSTP’s (TaSTP12, TaSTP51) suggesting a functional complex that facilitates sucrose osmoregulation. This influences stomatal opening which promotes gas-exchange for better photosynthesis. Additionally, we highlight the correlation between stomatal dynamics and NP-use efficiency. The NP-promoted photosynthesis, phosphorus-use efficiency (PnPUE), and TaPHT1. 10 ensures Pi availability for Krebs-cycle. This improves non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), for ATP production, boosting CO2 assimilation. Moreover, the increased photosynthetic-nitrogen-use efficiency (PnNUE), along with TaNRT2.1, and TaAMT1.1 augmented rubisco activity, thereby increasing photosynthesis. NP-supplementation also boosts ASC-GSH cycle, which safeguards the rubisco enzyme and light-harvesting-complex. These processes optimize photosynthesis to maintain starch reserves and sustain wheat productivity under D+As. Our findings provide valuable insights into NP-mediated photosynthetic regulation and underscore the crucial role of NUE in optimizing this process.Item Deciphering the regulation of transporters and mitogen-activated protein kinase in arsenic and iron exposed rice(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Panthri, Medha; Saini, Himanshu; Banerjee, Gopal; Bhatia, Priyanka; Verma, Neetu; Sinha, Alok Krishna; Gupta, MeetuThis study investigates the influence of arsenic (As) and iron (Fe) on the molecular aspects of rice plants. The mRNA-abundance of As (OsLsi, OsPHT, OsNRAMP1, OsABCC1) and Fe (OsIRT, OsNRAMP1, OsYSL, OsFRDL1, OsVIT2, OsSAMS1, OsNAS, OsNAAT1, OsDMAS1, OsTOM1, OsFER) related genes has been observed in 12-d old As and Fe impacted rice varieties. Analyses of phytosiderophores synthesis and Fe-uptake genes affirm the existence of specialized Fe-uptake strategies in rice with varieties PB-1 and Varsha favouring strategy I and II, respectively. Expression of OsNAS3, OsVIT2, OsFER and OsABCC1 indicated PB-1′s tolerance towards Fe and As. Analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade members (OsMKK3, OsMKK4, OsMKK6, OsMPK3, OsMPK4, OsMPK7, and OsMPK14) revealed their importance in the fine adjustment of As/Fe in the rice system. A conditional network map was generated based on the gene expression pattern that unfolded the differential dynamics of both rice varieties. The mating based split ubiquitin system determined the interaction of OsIRT1 with OsMPK3, and OsLsi1 with both OsMPK3 and OsMPK4. In-silico tools also confirmed the binding affinities of OsARM1 with OsLsi1, OsMPK3 and OsMPK4, and of OsIDEF1/OsIRO2 with OsIRT1 and OsMPK3, supporting our hypothesis that OsARM1, OsIDEF1, OsIRO2 were active in the connections discovered by mbSUS.Item Metabolomic profiling reveals key factors and associated pathways regulating the differential behavior of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes exposed to geogenic arsenic(Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2024) Saini, Himanshu; Panthri, Medha; Khan, Ehasanullah; Saxena, Samiksha; Pandey, Ashutosh; Gupta, MeetuArsenic (As) toxicity is an escalating problem; however, information about the metabolic events controlling the varied pattern of As accumulation in rice genotypes within their natural environment is still lacking. The present study is thus an advancement in unravelling the response of such rice genotypes. Soil-water-rice samples were analyzed for As accumulation using ICP-MS. Furthermore, we implemented metabolomics through LC-MS/MS and UHPLC to identify metabolic signatures regulating As content by observing the metalloid's composition in rice agrosystem. Results showed that rice genotypes differed significantly in their levels of metabolites, with Mini mansoori and Pioneer having the highest levels. Mini mansoori contained least As which might have been regulated by Ala, Ser, Glu, Phe, Asn, His, Ile, Lys, Gln, Trp, Tyr, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, trans-ferulic, rutin, morin, naringenin, kampferol, and myricetin, while Asp, Arg, Met, syringic, epigalocatechin, and apigenin contributed to the greater As acclimatization ability of Pioneer. Multivariate tools separated the rice genotypes into two major clusters: Pioneer-Mini mansoori and Damini-Sampoorna-Chintu. KEGG identified three major metabolic pathways (aminoacyl-tRNA, phenylpropanoid, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis route) linked with As tolerance and adaptation mechanisms in rice. Overall, these two genotypes symbolize their As hostile and accommodating attitudes probably due to the accumulated metabolites and the physicochemical attributes of the soil-water. Thus, thorough understanding of the metabolic reactions to As may facilitate the emergence of As tolerant/resilient genotypes. This will aid in the selection of molecular markers to cultivate healthier rice genotypes in As-contaminated areas.Item Unraveling the molecular aspects of iron-mediated OsWRKY76 signaling under arsenic stress in rice(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Mirza, Zainab; Jonwal, Sarvesh; Saini, Himanshu; Sinha, Alok Krishna; Gupta, MeetuArsenic (As) is a significant environmental element that restricts the growth and production of rice plants. Although the role of iron (Fe) to sequester As in rice is widely known, the molecular mechanism regarding As–Fe interaction remains opaque. Here, we show the differential response of two rice varieties (Ratna and Lalat) in terms of their morphological and biochemical changes in the presence of As and Fe. These results together with in-silico screening, gene expression analysis, and protein-protein interaction studies suggest the role of OsWRKY76 in Fe-mediated As stress alleviation. When OsWRKY76 is activated by MAPK signaling, it inhibits the gene expression of Fe transporters OsIRT1 and OsYSL2, which reduces the amount of Fe accumulated. However, MAPK signaling and OsWRKY76 remain down-regulated during Fe supplementation with As, which subsequently encourages the up-regulation of OsIRT1 and OsYSL2. This results in greater Fe content and decreased As accumulation and toxicity. The lower H2O2 and SOD, CAT, and APX activities were likewise seen under the As + Fe condition. Overall, results revealed the molecular aspects of Fe-mediated control of OsWRKY76 signaling and showed that Ratna is a more As tolerant variety than Lalat. Lalat, however, performs better in As stress due to the presence of Fe.Item Iono-metabolomic guided elucidation of arsenic induced physiological and metabolic dynamics in wheat genotypes(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Saini, Himanshu; Panthri, Medha; Rout, Biswaranjan; Pandey, Ashutosh; Gupta, MeetuDespite the growing concerns about arsenic (As) toxicity, information on wheat adaptability in such an aggravating environment is limited. Thus, the present investigation based on an iono-metabolomic approach is aimed to decipher the response of wheat genotypes towards As toxicity. Wheat genotypes procured from natural conditions were characterized as high As-contaminated (Shri ram-303 and HD-2967) and low As-contaminated (Malviya-234 and DBW-17) based on ICP-MS As accumulation analysis. Reduced chlorophyll fluorescence attributes, grain yield and quality traits, and low grain nutrient status were accompanied by remarkable grain As accumulation in high As-contaminated genotypes, thus imposing a higher potential cancer risk and hazard quotient. Contrarily, in low As-contaminated genotypes, the richness of Zn, N, Fe, Mn, Na, K, Mg, and Ca could probably have supported less grain As accumulation, imparting better agronomic and grain quality traits. Additionally, from metabolomic analysis (LC-MS/MS and UHPLC), abundances of alanine, aspartate, glutamate, quercetin, isoliquiritigenin, trans-ferrulic, cinnamic, caffeic, and syringic bestow Malviya-234 as the best edible wheat genotype. Further, the multivariate statistical analysis (HCA, PCA, and PLS-DA) revealed certain other key metabolites (rutin, nobletin, myricetin, catechin, and naringenin) based genotypic discrimination that imparts strength to genotypes for better adaptation in harsh conditions. Out of the 5 metabolic pathways ascertained through topological analysis, the two main pathways vital for plant's metabolic adjustments in an As-induced environment were: 1. The alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism pathway, and 2. The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. This is also evident from network analysis, which stipulates amino acid metabolism as a prominent As regulatory factor closely associated with flavonoids and phenolics. Therefore, the present findings are useful for wheat breeding programs to develop As adaptive genotypes that are beneficial for crop improvement and human health.Item Protective role of nitric oxide on nitrogen-thiol metabolism and amino acids profiling during arsenic exposure in Oryza sativa L.(Springer Nature Publishing AG, 2020) Praveen, Afsana; Pandey, Ashutosh; Gupta, MeetuNitric oxide (NO) being a signaling molecule inside the plant cells, play significant role in signaling cascades and protection against environmental stresses. However, the protective role of NO in alleviating As toxicity in rice plants is currently not available. In the present study, the level of NO, nitrogen (N), inorganic N (nitrate, ammonium), thiols {TT (Total thiols), NPT (Nonprotein thiol)} and AAs contents along with N assimilating enzymes (NR, GDH, GOGAT) were analyzed after exposure of AsIII/NO treatment alone, and in combination. NO supplementation enhanced the content of N, inorganic N & thiol contents, NR, GOGAT activities, when compared with AsIII exposure alone. In AsIII exposed rice seedlings, content of AAs (except His, Arg, Met) reduced over the control, while supplementation of SNP improved AAs contents, compared to AsIII treatment alone. In conclusion, rice seedlings supplemented with NO tolerate the AsIII toxicity by reducing the N related parameters, thiol contents, altering the AA profile and enhanced the nutritional quality by increasing EAAs (essential amino acids) and NEAAs (non-essential amino acids).Item Nitric oxide alters nitrogen metabolism and PIN gene expressions by playing protective role in arsenic challenged Brassica juncea L.(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Praveen, Afsana; Pandey, Ashutosh; Gupta, MeetuPlants have ability to adapt themselves through altering their growth process. In the present study, we examined exogenous application of nitric oxide (NO) on nitrogen metabolism and auxin (PIN) gene expression, and its possible role in alleviation of arsenic (As) toxicity in Brassica juncea seedlings. Seven days old hydroponically grown B. juncea seedlings were exposed to AsIII (150 μM), Sodium nitroprusside (NO donor, 100 μM), AsIII + SNP and control (without metal)for 48 h. Experimental results revealed that AsIII stress: enhanced the level of nitrite, NiR activity, NO3− and NH4+content as well as NADH-GOGAT activity; but GDH level decreased; enhanced content of amino acids; upregulated gene expression level of N metabolism and downregulated polar auxin transporter genes (PIN); inhibited plant growth and morphological parameters; increased MDA, H2O2, cysteine, proline content, enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, CAT, APX; GSH, TT, NPT); and decreased nutrient content. AsIII + SNP combination reduced the accumulation of As; improved growth; chlorophyll, protein and mineral nutrient content by scavenging ROS generation; maintained amino acids content; downregulated expression of N metabolism genes and upregulated expression of auxin transporter (PIN) genes . Additional biochemical data depicts reduction in the level of nitrogen related enzymatic activities, and other stress related parameters. Overall, this study provides an integrated view that exogenous SNP (NO donor) supplementation alleviated the inhibitory role of AsIII in B. juncea seedlings by altering nutrients, amino acids and auxin redistribution via expression of nitrogen and PIN gene profiling.Item Arsenic affects the production of glucosinolate, thiol and phytochemical compounds: A comparison of two Brassica cultivars(Elsevier B.V., 2017) Pandey, Chandana; Augustine, Rehna; Panthri, Medha; Zia, Ismat; Bisht, Naveen C.; Gupta, MeetuArsenic (As), a non-essential metalloid, severely affects the normal functioning of plants, animals and humans. Plants play a crucial role in metabolic, physiological and numerous detoxification mechanisms to cope up with As induced stress. This study aimed to examine the differential response in two Brassica juncea cultivars, Varuna and Pusa Jagannath (PJn) exposed to different doses of As (50, 150, 300 μM) for 48 h duration. Change in morphological traits, concentration of individual as well as total GSL, sulfur related thiol proteins, sulfur content, and phytochemicals were analyzed in both cultivars. Accumulation pattern of As showed dose dependent accumulation in both the cultivars, being more in PJn. Our finding revealed that both cultivars were tolerant at low concentrations of As, while at higher concentration Varuna excelled over PJn. The increased tolerance of Varuna cultivar exposed to 150 and 300 μM concentration of As, correlated with its increased thiol related proteins, sulfur content and phytochemicals, which serves as defence strategy in the plant against oxidative stress. Differential pattern of total as well as individual GSLs content was observed in both Varuna and PJn cultivars. Varuna cultivar showed higher level of total and aliphatic GSLs, which serves as defence compound with other detoxification machineries to combat As stress. Our findings provide foundation for developing metalloid tolerant crops by analyzing the role of different genes involved in GSL mechanism and signaling pathways in different organs of plant.