Institutional Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Dhaka, AnnviSubject: search.filters.subject.Foxtail millet

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    A comprehensive study on core enzymes involved in starch metabolism in the model nutricereal, foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.)
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021) Dhaka, Annvi; Muthamilarasan, Mehanathan; Prasad, Manoj
    Starch biosynthesis is an important process in plants as starch serves as a source of carbon and energy. In cereals, starch is the predominant constituent of the grains that provide carbohydrates in food and feed. Given its importance, the biosynthesis and accumulation of starch have been well studied in major cereals. However, in millets, no such study provides insights into the starch biosynthesis and diversity of enzymes involved in this process. In foxtail millet (Setaria italica), we have identified and characterized six classes of enzyme-encoding genes involved in starch metabolism, viz., ADP glucose phosphorylase, starch synthase, starch branching enzyme, starch debranching enzyme, phosphorylase, and disproportionating enzyme. Analysis of gene structure, chromosomal localization, phylogenetic analysis, and study of domain composition were performed to gain insights into the structure and organization of these gene families. Further, expression profiling of these genes in two cultivars contrastingly differing in grain amylose content was performed at different seed development stages. The expression data showed spatiotemporally divergent expression patterns of the genes and pinpointed several candidate genes that could be targeted for further functional characterization to study the starch metabolism in millets as well as to improve starch content through genomics approaches.
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    Genome-wide association study (GWAS) delineates genomic loci for ten nutritional elements in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.)
    (Elsevier B.V., 2019) Jaiswal, Vandana; Bandyopadhyay, Tirthankar; Gahlaut, Vijay; Gupta, Sarika; Dhaka, Annvi; Ramchiary, Nirala; Prasad, Manoj
    Nutritional deficiency is found to be a major threat to human health, especially in low-income countries. Thus it is essential to improve nutritional qualities of important food crops. Foxtail millet is second largest cultivated millet and 2–5 times nutritionally richer than major cereal crops. During the present study, we identified genetic determinants of ten nutritional elements including potassium, nickel, calcium, boron, magnesium, phosphorus, sulphur, zinc, manganese and iron for the first time in foxtail millet. For this purpose, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were conducted using 93 diverse accessions and 10 K SNPs (distributed across all the nine foxtail millet chromosomes). Altogether, 74 marker-trait associations (MTAs) were identified to be associated with above mentioned ten elements, out of which ten (10) MTAs (associated with B, Mg, Zn and Fe) showed high confidence [-log(p) > 5.78]. Identified desirable SNP alleles and favourable haplotypes may prove useful in foxtail breeding. Also, significant pyramiding effect suggested that associated elements can be substantially enhanced through combining more than one MTA. Candidate genes residing within or near the association signal may be selected for functional characterization. Superior genotypes identified may prove as a potential donor in foxtail millet breeding assisted through the molecular marker.