Browsing by Author "Loake, Gary J"

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    Interorgan, intraorgan and interplant communication mediated by nitric oxide and related species
    (John Wiley & Sons, 2024) Kolbert, Zsuzsanna; Barroso, Juan B; Boscari, Alexandre; Corpas, Francisco J; Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis; Hancock, John T; Lindermayr, Christian; Palma, José Manuel; Petřivalský, Marek; Wendehenne, David; Loake, Gary J
    Plant survival to a potential plethora of diverse environmental insults is underpinned by coordinated communication amongst organs to help shape effective responses to these environmental challenges at the whole plant level. This interorgan communication is supported by a complex signal network that regulates growth, development and environmental responses. Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a key signalling molecule in plants. However, its potential role in interorgan communication has only recently started to come into view. Direct and indirect evidence has emerged supporting that NO and related species (S-nitrosoglutathione, nitro-linolenic acid) are mobile interorgan signals transmitting responses to stresses such as hypoxia and heat. Beyond their role as mobile signals, NO and related species are involved in mediating xylem development, thus contributing to efficient root-shoot communication. Moreover, NO and related species are regulators in intraorgan systemic defence responses aiming an effective, coordinated defence against pathogens. Beyond its in planta signalling role, NO and related species may act as ex planta signals coordinating external leaf-to-leaf, root-to-leaf but also plant-to-plant communication. Here, we discuss these exciting developments and emphasise how their manipulation may provide novel strategies for crop improvement.
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    Nitric oxide regulation of plant metabolism
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Gupta, Kapuganti Jagadis; Kaladhar, Vemula Chandra; Fitzpatrick, Teresa B; Fernie, Alisdair R; Møller, Ian Max; Loake, Gary J
    Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important signal molecule in plants, having myriad roles in plant development. In addition, NO also orchestrates both biotic and abiotic stress responses, during which intensive cellular metabolic reprogramming occurs. Integral to these response is the location of NO biosynthetic and scavenging pathways in diverse cellular compartments, enabling plants to effectively organize signal transduction pathways. NO regulates plant metabolism and in turn, metabolic pathways reciprocally regulate NO accumulation and function. Thus, these diverse cellular processes are inextricably linked. This review addresses the numerous redox pathways, located in the various subcellular compartments, which produce NO, in addition to the mechanisms underpinning NO scavenging. We focus on how this molecular dance is integrated into the metabolic state of the cell. Within this context, a reciprocal relationship between NO accumulation and metabolite production is often apparent. We additionally showcase cellular pathways including those associated with nitrate reduction that provide evidence for this integration of NO function and metabolism. Finally, we discuss the potential importance of the biochemical reactions governing NO levels in determining plant responses to a changing environment.