Browsing by Author "Khurana, Paramjit"

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Identification and characterization of high temperature stress responsive genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and their regulation at various stages of development
(Springer Science, 2011) Chauhan, Harsh; Khurana, Neetika; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.; Khurana, Jitendra P.; Khurana, Paramjit
To elucidate the effect of high temperature, wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. CPAN 1676) were given heat shock at 37 and 42°C for 2 h, and responsive genes were identified through PCR-Select Subtraction technology. Four subtractive cDNA libraries, including three forward and one reverse subtraction, were constructed from three different developmental stages. A total of 5,500 ESTs were generated and 3,516 high quality ESTs submitted to Genbank. More than one-third of the ESTs generated fall in unknown/no hit category upon homology search through BLAST analysis. Differential expression was confirmed by cDNA macroarray and by northern/RT-PCR analysis. Expression analysis of wheat plants subjected to high temperature stress, after 1 and 4 days of recovery, showed fast recovery in seedling tissue. However, even after 4 days, recovery was negligible in the developing seed tissue after 2 h of heat stress. Ten selected genes were analyzed in further detail including one unknown protein and a new heat shock factor, by quantitative real-time PCR in an array of 35 different wheat tissues representing major developmental stages as well as different abiotic stresses. Tissue specificity was examined along with cross talk with other abiotic stresses and putative signalling molecules.
Rice genomics moves ahead
(Springer, 2010) Raghuvanshi, Saurabh; Kapoor, Meenu; Tyagi, Shashi; Kapoor, Sanjay; Khurana, Paramjit; Khurana, Jitendra; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.
Rice is one of the pillars of world-wide food security. Improvement in its yield is necessary to mitigate hunger of millions of people who depend on rice as a staple. Decoding rice genome sequence is expected to complement efforts being made to improve rice and its yield. The information about more than 32,000 genes, regulatory elements, repeat DNA, and DNA markers opens-up new horizons for molecular analysis and genetic enhancement not only for rice but also for other cereal crops. In the post-genomic era, significant progress has been made on defining transcriptome and epigenome as well as gene discovery by way of forward and reverse genetic approaches. Efforts are on to fill the gap between the genome and the phenotype. This may lead to regular practice of genomics-assisted breeding of rice.
Rice improvement through genome-based functional analysis and molecular breeding in India
(Springer, 2016) Agarwal, Pinky; Parida, Swarup K.; Raghuvanshi, Saurabh; Kapoor, Sanjay; Khurana, Paramjit; Khurana, Jitendra P.; Tyagi, Akhilesh K.
Rice is one of the main pillars of food security in India. Its improvement for higher yield in sustainable agriculture system is also vital to provide energy and nutritional needs of growing world population, expected to reach more than 9 billion by 2050. The high quality genome sequence of rice has provided a rich resource to mine information about diversity of genes and alleles which can contribute to improvement of useful agronomic traits. Defining the function of each gene and regulatory element of rice remains a challenge for the rice community in the coming years. Subsequent to participation in IRGSP, India has continued to contribute in the areas of diversity analysis, transcriptomics, functional genomics, marker development, QTL mapping and molecular breeding, through national and multi-national research programs. These efforts have helped generate resources for rice improvement, some of which have already been deployed to mitigate loss due to environmental stress and pathogens. With renewed efforts, Indian researchers are making new strides, along with the international scientific community, in both basic research and realization of its translational impact.