Browsing by Author "Gupta, M.M."

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    High yields of artemisinin by multi-harvest of Artemisia annua crops
    (Elsevier B.V., 2004) Kumar, Sushil; Gupta, S.K.; Singh, Poorinima; Bajpai, Pratima; Gupta, M.M.; Singh, Digvijay; Gupta, A.K.; Ram, Govind; Shasany, A.K.; Sharma, Srikant
    Several field crop experiments were carried out on the annual determinate anti-malarial medicinal plant Artemisia annua over three annual cropping periods in the subtropical agroclimate of Indo-Gangatic plains. The experiments examined the effects of variation in the time of planting and harvest and of number of harvests on the yield of artemisinin and plant growth and development characters related to it. The observations showed that the artemisinin yield was positively correlated with leaf yield and number of harvests. High yields of artemisinin were realized when crop produced artemisinin-rich leaves accompanied by least possible growth of stem tissue, attained by multiple harvesting in early planted full time grown crops. The crops grown for ≥30 weeks and harvested three and four times gave average yields of 44.1 ± 14.2 and 74.2 ± 15.6, respectively, much higher than the maximum yield of 25 kg ha−1 reported for A. annua in earlier studies. It was concluded that for obtaining artemisinin in high yields the A. annua crop should be ratooned/multi-harvested four times.
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    Variation in yield of curcumin and yield and quality of leaf and rhizome essential oils among Indian land races of turmeric Curcuma longa L.
    (Indian National Science Academy, 2014) Bahl, J.R.; Bansal, R.P.; Garg, S.N.; Gupta, M.M.; Singh, Vikram; Goel, R.; Kumar, Sushil
    A set of 84 accessions of turmeric Curcuma longa L. collected from various geographical locations in northern India were assessed for variation in morphological features, leaf and rhizome essential oil content, yield and quality, curcumin content in rhizome and curcumin yield and potential for curcumin extraction from rhizomes, following their distillation for essential oil extraction. Large variability was recorded in all the features studied. The accessions demonstrated wide variation in the contents of -terpenene, 1, 8-cineole and -cymene in the leaf essential oils and of pinene, myrcene, Ar-curcumene and turmerones in the rhizome essential oils. There were some accessions which were highly deficient in one or more terpenoids in their leaf and/or rhizome essential oil. The leaf oils of the accessions CH-2 and CH-3, CH-15, CH-38, CH-40 and CH-53 were deficient in -cymene and Ar-turmerones, Ar-curcumene and Ar-turmerone, Ar-turmerone and -turmerone, Ar-curcumene and Ar-turmerone and -turmerone and Ar-curcumene and all turmerones, respectively. The rhizome essential oil of the accession CH-14 was highly rich in turmerones and that of CH-99 was deficient in turmerones, respectively. The accessions CH-6, CH-11 and CH-19 were identified as high yielding elite resource for both curcumin and leaf oil. The possibility of profitable extraction of curcumin from the essential oil extracted rhizomes was demonstrated.