Browsing by Author "Goel, Divya"

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Composition of the essential oil from the roots of Artemisia annua
(Springer, 2007) Goel, Divya; Goel, Richa; Singh, Vijender; Ali, Mohammed; Mallavarapu, Gopal Rao; Kumar, Sushil
Upon hydrodistillation, dried roots of Artemisia annua L. cultivar Jwarharti gave a pleasantly fragrant essential oil with a yield of 0.25%. GC and GC–MS analyses of the oil enabled the identification of 52 components representing 83.2% of the oil. The oil was rich in sesquiterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes and had cis-arteannuic alcohol (25.9%), (E)-β-farnesene (6.7%), β-maaliene (6.3%), β-caryophyllene (5.5%), caryophyllene oxide (4.4%) and 2-phenylbenzaldehyde (3.5%) as its major components. The oil was found to possess considerable fumigant activity and ability to repel adult Tribolium castaneum beetles.
Cropping of the artemisinin (antimalarial drug) yielding Artemisia annua cultivars, over a ten year period in the agroclimate of north-west India, has not led to the species becoming a weed
(The National Academy of Sciences, India, 2011) Goel, Richa; Goel, Divya; Chaudhary, Swati; Sharma, Vishakha; Kumar, Sushil
The antimalarial drug artemisinin is extracted from the leaves and flowers, harvested from the naturally growing and cultivated populations, of the asteraceae plant Artemisia annua. The species is indigenous to Chongqing region of China where it is a weed and is found growing into extensive wild populations. It has become naturalized (weed) in several agroclimates of its introduction in Asia, Australia, Europe and North and South Americas. A. annua is now beginning to be cultivated in several agroclimates of India. Agrotechnologies suitable for cultivating A. annua in the Indo-gangetic and North- West Indian plains have been developed and introduced with the farmers. Here, the potential of A. annua becoming a weed, in the areas of its cultivation, has been assessed under the New Delhi agroclimatic conditions. Single plants of A. annua were observed to produce about 0.14×106 viable seeds. Cultivation of A. annua in field plots at two locations and enumeration of plants outside the plots of cultivation over a 10 year period was observed not to lead to escape of the plant into areas adjacent to the plots of A. annua cultivation. It is concluded that A. annua, despite being a prolific producer of seeds, is unlikely to become a weed in the agroclimate of north-west plains region of India. Therefore, subtropical agroclimates such as that of north-west Indian plains offer comparative advantage for the cultivation of the domesticated A. annua for artemisinin production.
Essential oils of petal, leaf and stem of the antimalarial plant Artemisia annua
(Springer, 2006) Goel, Divya; Singh, Vijender; Ali, Mohammed; Mallavarupu, Gopal Rao; Kumar, Sushil
The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from petals, leaves and stems of the flowering stage of plants of Artemisia annua cultivar Jwarharti was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS); 86, 77, and 63 compounds were identified in the leaf, petal, and stem oils, respectively. Large compositional differences were detected between the three oils. The petal and leaf oils were rich in monoterpenes. The stem oil was rich in sesquiterpenes. Camphor, present in the leaf oil, was absent from petal oil.
Volatile metabolite compositions of the essential oil from aerial parts of ornamental and artemisinin rich cultivars of Artemisia annua
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2008) Goel, Divya; Mallavarupu, Gopal Rao; Kumar, Sushil; Singh, Vijender; Ali, Mohammed
The essential oils of the aerial parts (flowers, leaves and stems) of the artemisinin rich cultivar ‘Jeevanraksha’ and artemisinin poor ornamental type cultivar Suraksha of Artemisia annua, grown at New Delhi, were characterized for their metabolite composition by GC and GC/MS analyses. Ninety-seven compounds comprising 91.3% of the total oil of ‘Jeevanraksha’ were identified. Forty-three monoterpenes (56.6%), 32 sesquiterpenes (31.1%), and 2 diterpenes (0.2%) comprised bulk of the oil (87.9%). The oil was devoid of artemisia ketone and contained camphor (13.5%), 1,8-cineole (9.4%), trans-sabinol (7.1%), p-mentha-1(7), 5-dien-2-ol (6.3%), myrcene (4.7%), germacrene D (4.4%), (E)-β-farnesene (3.9%), β-caryophyllene (3.7%), dihydroartemisinic lactone (3.0%) and p-cymene (2.0%) as the major constituents. Eighty-six compounds representing 93.3% of the composition were identified in the Suraksha oil. This oil contained artemisia ketone (47%), 1,8-cineole (8.4%), camphor (5.9%) and α-pinene (5.2%) as the major components. Many compounds were detected in the A. annua oil for the first time. Consistent with hybrid origin of the cultivar ‘Jeevanraksha’, its oil possessed characteristics reported earlier for the corresponding essential oils of the A. annua accessions of Vietnamese origin and North-American accessions.