Browsing by Author "Botta, Halidev Krishna"

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The confluence of TOR signaling and plant growth regulators in development and stress responses
(Oxford University Press, 2026) Saksena, Harshita B; Kumar, Mukesh; Samtani, Harsha; Sharma, Aishwarye; Rawat, Sanjay Singh; Awasthi, Prakhar; Botta, Halidev Krishna; Sandhya, Shital; Pande, Anjali; Naaz, Sheeba; Kushwah, Sunita; Shukla, Brihaspati N; Laxmi, Ashverya
The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase that serves as a crucial signaling hub, seamlessly integrating a wide range of internal and external signals to meticulously regulate cellular and organismal physiology. TOR is crucial in regulating the different phases of lifecycle in plants including embryogenesis, seed germination, meristem activation, root and leaf development, flowering and senescence. Beyond its central role in growth and development, emerging research has revealed its significant involvement in the response to environmental stresses. Even though plant growth regulators such as auxin, cytokinin (CK), brassinosteroid (BR), gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and nitric oxide (NO) function as pivotal signaling molecules in modulating plant development and stress responses, how they coordinate with the energy status still remains obscure. Here we summarize the current findings on the dynamic interconnection between TOR and these discrete phytoregulators and their potential role in executing diverse biological processes in plants.
Type-A response regulators negatively mediate heat stress response by altering redox homeostasis in Arabidopsis
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Jindal, Sunita; Kerchev, Pavel; Berka, Miroslav; Černý, Martin; Botta, Halidev Krishna; Laxmi, Ashverya; Brzobohatý, Břetislav
Besides the long-standing role of cytokinins (CKs) as growth regulators, their current positioning at the interface of development and stress responses is coming into recognition. The current evidence suggests the notion that CKs are involved in heat stress response (HSR), however, the role of CK signaling components is still elusive. In this study, we have identified a role of the CK signaling components type-A Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs) in HSR in Arabidopsis. The mutants of multiple type-A ARR genes exhibit improved basal and acquired thermotolerance and, altered response to oxidative stress in our physiological analyses. Through proteomics profiling, we show that the type-A arr mutants experience a 'stress-primed' state enabling them to respond more efficiently upon exposure to real stress stimuli. A substantial number of proteins that are involved in the heat-acclimatization process such as the proteins related to cellular redox status and heat shock, are already altered in the type-A arr mutants without a prior exposure to stress conditions. The metabolomics analyses further reveal that the mutants accumulate higher amounts of α-and γ-tocopherols, which are important antioxidants for protection against oxidative damage. Collectively, our results suggest that the type-A ARRs play an important role in heat stress response by affecting the redox homeostasis in Arabidopsis.
Understanding the intricate web of phytohormone signalling in modulating root system architecture
(MDPI AG, 2021) Sharma, Manvi; Singh, Dhriti; Saksena, Harshita B.; Sharma, Mohan; Tiwari, Archna; Awasthi, Prakhar; Botta, Halidev Krishna; Shukla, Brihaspati Narayan; Laxmi, Ashverya
Root system architecture (RSA) is an important developmental and agronomic trait that is regulated by various physical factors such as nutrients, water, microbes, gravity, and soil compaction as well as hormone-mediated pathways. Phytohormones act as internal mediators between soil and RSA to influence various events of root development, starting from organogenesis to the formation of higher order lateral roots (LRs) through diverse mechanisms. Apart from interaction with the external cues, root development also relies on the complex web of interaction among phytohormones to exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects to improve crop performance. However, there are considerable gaps in understanding the interaction of these hormonal networks during various aspects of root development. In this review, we elucidate the role of different hormones to modulate a common phenotypic output, such as RSA in Arabidopsis and crop plants, and discuss future perspectives to channel vast information on root development to modulate RSA components.
Understanding the role of phytohormones in governing heat, cold, and freezing stress response
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Sharma, Mohan; Saksena, Harshita B.; Botta, Halidev Krishna; Laxmi, Ashverya
Plants are exposed to rapid fluctuations in the environmental temperature and respond differently to temperature stress through fine-tuning genetic, biochemical, and physiological changes. Plants utilize several signaling pathways including stress and phytohormone signalings to cope with high and low temperature stresses. Emerging studies have documented the role of growth and development related phytohormones, such as auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroids, gibberellic acid, and strigolactones, in temperature stress responses. Apart from functioning in biotic stress, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid participate in alleviating temperature stress. Abscisic acid and ethylene have also been reported to be major players in regulating abiotic stresses. Changes in global temperature in recent years have drastically affected the crop productivity. Therefore manipulation of certain factors in the stress and phytohormone signaling pathways can lead to the development of crops tolerant to severe temperature stresses, thereby minimizing yield loss during harsh climatic conditions. In this chapter, we shed light on how different hormone signaling pathways facilitate plants to adapt under stressful temperatures, thereby providing them with better stress resilience and survival potential.